Jaborandi

Jaborandi is a South American shrub of the Rutaceæ; its leaves contain the imidazole alkaloid pilocarpine with congeners (isopilocarpine, pilocarpidine). Pharmacologically pilocarpine is a muscarinic (parasympathomimetic) agonist which stimulates exocrine glands and smooth muscle—profuse sweating and salivation, lachrymation, bronchorrhœa, gastric and intestinal secretion, miosis with ciliary spasm, slowed pulse and vascular relaxation; in excess, nausea, diarrhœa, bronchospasm and collapse occur [Hughes], [Allen], [Clarke]. For homœopathic use, the fresh leaves or the pure alkaloid have been triturated and tinctured; both whole drug and alkaloid contributed to the pathogenesis (Jaborandi and Pilocarpinum) [Allen], [Clarke]. The picture is governed by “flooding of the outlets”—sweat, saliva, mucus—followed by exhaustion; hence its clinical bearing in hyperhidrosis (especially cranial and palmar), ptyalism (pregnancy, mercurialism), parotitis, bronchorrhœa and night-sweats of phthisis (palliative), and ocular spasm/miosis (Piloc.) [Clarke], [Boericke], [Hering], [Hughes].

Our knowledge is a composite of [Proving]s (South American and American schools) and rich [Toxicology] from pilocarpine experiments, gathered by Allen, Hering and Clarke: violent, general perspiration with ptyalism; lachrymation; ciliary spasm and contracted pupil with brow ache; bronchial irrigation with dyspnœa; gastric nausea and diarrhœa; slow, weak pulse and faintness after the flush; relief of febrile heat by sweat; hair and skin changes in the sweating zones [Allen], [Hering], [Hughes], [Clarke], [Boericke]. Early [Clinical] confirmations: hyperidrosis (cranial, palmar), pregnancy ptyalism, parotitis/mumps (salivary affinity), night-sweats of phthisis, asthmatic bronchorrhœa, glaucoma (Piloc.) [Clarke], [Boericke], [Farrington].

Jaborandi’s essence is the vegetative tide at full flood. Heat and closeness prime the system; at a touch—entering a warm room, taking a hot drink—the exocrine gates swing open and a warm torrent pours outward: sweat from scalp to soles, with the forehead first to run; saliva in ropes, soaking the pillow at night; thin mucus bathing nose, fauces and bronchi; sometimes even a moist, easy stool. The organism seeks relief by outlet—the heat and oppression subside as the skin shines and the ducts run—yet the price is weakness, tremor, a soft, slow pulse and a light, empty head. This “flood then flag” polarity runs through Mind (oppressed, anxious in warm, close air; placid once at the window), Head (brow band with cranial sweat; better cold sponging and darkness), Eyes (ciliary spasm with miosis and brow ache in warmth; easing in dimness), Chest (bronchorrhœa and dyspnœa in close rooms; relief by open air), Gut (nausea/diarrhœa after hot soups and tea; better cold sips), and Skin (drenching sweat, suppression harmful) [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke]. The signature is not destructive but regulatory; hence its palliative power in night-sweats of phthisis, hyperidrosis of anxious heat-loving climates, ptyalism of pregnancy, and asthmatic moisture states. The remedy belongs to the warm, wet patient who loathes wraps and stove heat, who clamours for an open window, whose symptoms ease “when it all runs,” and who then lies prostrate and satisfied.
Kingdomly, as a Rutaceous leaf with powerful alkaloid action, it addresses peripheral glands and smooth muscle rather than deep parenchyma; it is a surface governor of secretion and tone (Hughes’ pharmacodynamics) [Hughes]. Miasmatically it is sycotic at the front—overproduction, recurrence, thickened glands (parotids), palmar hyperidrosis; psoric in the functional lability and heat-intolerance; and bears a syphilitic edge in the collapse after excess drain. Its principal polarities are heat vs. cool air; closeness vs. ventilation; hot drinks vs. cold sips; suppression vs. free outlet; vigour vs. emptiness. Clinically, one must marry prescription and regimen: ventilate rooms, lighten covering, forbid hot soups and drinks in the evening, use cool ablutions, and change damp linen promptly. Where this regimen aligns with the remedy, the “Jaborandi storm” shortens: the patient sleeps longer between sweats, breathes easier, salivation abates to normal, and the day-after prostration lifts. Differentiate from Mercurius when fetor and chilliness dominate; from China when collapse outlasts the heat; from Sambucus when sweats are suppressed; from Physostigma when eye-symptoms lead without the gland-flood; from Pilocarpinum where the ocular indication is isolated. Jaborandi is thus both vivid and practical—the medicine of the window, the basin, and the towel—restoring comfort by honoring the body’s chosen outlet.

• Sweat glands — explosive, soaking perspiration, especially head, face, palms; sweat relieves heat but exhausts; suppression aggravates (see Skin, Perspiration, Fever). [Allen], [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Salivary system — ptyalism; parotid enlargement and soreness; saliva dribbles warm and abundant; ptyalism of pregnancy; mercurial ptyalism (see Mouth, Throat, Face). [Hering], [Clarke].

• Eyes — ciliary muscle/iris: miosis, spasm of accommodation, brow ache; blurred distance vision; Pilocarpus in glaucoma (see Eyes, Head). [Hughes], [Allen], [Clarke].

• Respiratory mucosa — bronchorrhea with asthmatic oppression; suffocative feeling in warm, close rooms; relief from cool air (see Chest, Respiration). [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Gastric–intestinal — nausea, urge to stool with secretion; diarrhea from slightest food; colic with clammy sweat (see Stomach, Abdomen, Rectum). [Allen], [Hering].

• Heart and vessels — transient flushing then weak, soft, slow pulse; faintness after perspiration; tendency to collapse in heat (see Heart, Generalities). [Hughes], [Allen].

• Skin/hair trophicity — scalp sweat with falling of hair; historically used to check alopecia; sebaceous overactivity (see Skin, Head). [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Mammary/galactorrhea — reflex sialogogue–lactagogue action recorded; breast fullness with sweating (see Female). [Clarke].

• Urinary balance — urine scant during diaphoresis, later copious, pale; salivation–sweating and urine reciprocate (see Urinary). [Allen], [Clarke].

There is irritability and restlessness largely driven by bodily oppression; the patient “cannot stay in a warm room,” becomes anxious as the skin reddens and the sweat threatens to break, and looks for an open window—this tallies with the modality (worse heat/close room; better cool air) [Clarke]. Attention flags under the assault of saliva and sweat; he fumbles with words and feels stupefied, particularly after a hot drink which instantly provokes the secretions (cross-link to Stomach). Fear of suffocation rises with bronchorrhœa; touch at the throat is resented; yet reassurance and air restore calm (Respiration/Throat). Apathy follows the storm—prostration with indifference, as if “emptied,” the mental analogue of the drained glands (Generalities). Emotional excitement or fright may precipitate a flush and a gush of moisture; thereafter the patient trembles and prefers to lie still (Heart/Extremities). Children are fretful in hot rooms, toss the clothes off, and slobber the pillow; on being carried into cooler air, they brighten at once—a small bedside observation often confirming the drug [Hering], [Clarke]. The moral tone is not perverse; the mind-symptoms are vegetative and reactive, rising and falling with the exocrine tide rather than constituting a fixed temperament [Kent], [Clarke]. The chief mental guide is therefore environmental: heat and closeness oppress and alarm; air and outlet soothe and restore.

Sleep is light and broken by sweats; first sleep drenches pillow and linen; patient wakes weak, sticky and thirsty for cold sips (Perspiration/Stomach links) [Boericke], [Clarke]. Dreams of suffocation or swimming in warm water are reported; starting from sleep with cough and saliva in the mouth occurs in hot rooms. Uncovering and moving to a cooler room permit longer stretches of sleep. Children drool and kick off the clothes; when windows are opened, they settle. After an excessive night the following day is dull and spent.

Dreams of waves, baths, and heavy rain; of choking and running to find air; of teeth falling into a mouth full of water (symbolic of ptyalism) [Clinical], [Clarke]. Dreams are more vivid after warm suppers or hot drinks (Food & Drink).

Jaborandi is the paradigm of “outlet medicine”: it drives fluids to the surface and to the ducts—skin, salivary glands, bronchi—and, when selected by similarity, regulates a system that is either clogged (hot, close, oppressed) or perverted (night-sweats, ptyalism, bronchorrhœa). The general modalities are decisive: worse heat, warm drinks, exertion, and close, damp rooms; better cool, moving air, uncovering, and the free flow of secretions [Clarke], [Allen], [Boericke]. Organ affinities interlock: Skin/Perspiration (drenching) ↔ Mouth/Parotids (ptyalism) ↔ Eyes (miosis, ciliary spasm with brow ache) ↔ Chest/Respiration (bronchorrhœa and suffocation in warmth) ↔ Heart (weak, soft pulse after the flush) ↔ Gut (secretory hurry after warm food) ↔ Urinary (scanty during sweat, copious later). Compare Mercurius (salivation + sweat, but Merc. is foul, tremulous, chilly, and worse at night in bed; Jaborandi is clean, hot, and air-seeking) [Hering], [Clarke]; China (exhaustion after losses but chilly, flatulent; Jaborandi hot and moist) [Farrington]; Sambucus (night suffocation with sweat but suppressed outlets) [Boger]; Gelsemium (sweat with drowsiness and motor slackness; Jaborandi with vegetative flooding); Pilocarpinum and Physostigma in ocular spasm (Piloc. more purely ocular; Jabor. wider glandular sweep) [Hughes], [Clarke]. The pace: rapid onset in warmth; prompt relief by air and outlet; sagging weakness after—there lies the polarity to address in regimen and posology.

Fever begins with flush of heat in a close room and ends in drenching sweat which relieves the heat and tension—temperature falling with the perspiration (diagnostic cycle) [Clarke], [Allen]. The remedy is palliative in hectic and night-sweats of consumptives, when air hunger and soaking linens are striking [Boericke]. Chill is brief or absent; the drug is chiefly a heat–sweat governor.

Chilliness down the back may usher the storm, but heat predominates until sweat breaks; then heat abates and weakness supervenes [Allen], [Clarke]. Sweat is the signature—profuse, warm then cold, soaking clothes; worse warmth, exertion, hot drinks; better cool air, uncovering. Suppressed sweat aggravates internal oppression (Generalities).

Headache with cranial hyperidrosis is a hallmark: forehead and scalp run with sweat; hair lies damp; a constricting band settles across brow and temples, worse warmth and least exertion, better cool sponging and air (modal echo) [Allen], [Clarke]. A heavy, dull, congestive pain mounts with ciliary spasm; reading grows impossible; the patient closes the lids and prefers a dark room (Eyes). In some, the head is first flushed then pallid as the gush subsides; faintness with occipital emptiness follows (Heart/Generalities). The scalp itches and the hair loosens after prolonged nights of sweating; “jaborandi lotions” historically checked such alopecia—this trophic observation mirrors the drug’s sphere [Clarke], [Boericke]. Vertigo attends the sweat-crisis and is relieved by lying still with head high. The headaches are seldom neuralgic; they are vascular–secretory, and their pattern is bound to warmth and moisture.

Marked miosis with spasm of accommodation; distant objects blur while near items may be seen, though with strain; stitching ache radiates from orbits to forehead (ciliary neuralgia) [Allen], [Hughes], [Clarke]. Light aggravates during spasm; darkness and closed lids help (Better darkness). Lachrymation accompanies salivation; lids feel heavy with moisture. A “rain on the lashes” sensation in hot rooms is not uncommon (modality skew). Clinically, Pilocarpinum lowers intra-ocular tension; the homœopathic picture uses this as a signature for spasmodic myopic blur and brow ache in warm rooms, settling with air [Hughes], [Clarke]. No deep keratitis belongs here; the eye symptomatology is functional, vascular, and muscular.

Fullness and ringing during the flush; external ears bathed in sweat; hearing is muffled in close rooms and clears at an open window (modal link) [Clarke]. Parotid region is tender in Jaborandi states; the proximity of the gland gives ear-ache by contiguity—salivation is proportional to parotid soreness (Face/Mouth).

Watery coryza with frequent sneezing; coryza and salivation rise together in heat and abate in cool air [Allen], [Clarke]. The nasal wings glisten with sweat; sense of smell is blunted at the height of the flush. Post-nasal mucus accumulates and is hawked from the throat; dryness is foreign to this remedy (contrast Bell.). Epistaxis is rare; the rule is bland, profuse moisture.

Face first flushes, then pales and drips; skin hot, then clammy; expression anxious till the window is opened (Mind) [Clarke]. Parotids enlarge and ache; the angle of the jaw is tender; talking increases saliva and fatigue of the facial muscles (Mouth). Lips are wet, the chin moist with strings of saliva—Merc. also salivates, but is chilly, foul-breathed, and tremulous; Jaborandi is hot, clean, and air-seeking [Hering], [Clarke].

Ptyalism is cardinal: saliva warm, tasteless or slightly salt, flows in strings; pillow wet at night; talking difficult; patient must spit constantly [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke]. Tongue moist, large, yet clean; taste perverted after hot drinks; gums may tingle with heat. Swallowing is impeded by sheer volume of saliva; thirst is for cold water in sips. Mercurial ptyalism is relieved (clinical), and the pregnancy drooler belongs to this drug when heat and closeness aggravate [Clarke], [Boericke]. After the flow abates, mouth feels empty and weak.

No distinct odontalgia; teeth feel long and sensitive in hot rooms; increased saliva gives temporary ease, while cold water cools both gums and head [Allen]. Grinding of teeth in restless, sweating children may appear but is not characteristic (contrast Cina/Merc.). Dental notes are subordinate to salivary overflow.

Throat full of mucus and saliva; swallowing frequent and wearying; voice thick and indistinct from fluid (Mouth) [Clarke]. Rawness with hawking; tickle provokes cough in hot rooms, better cold draughts (Respiration). Tonsils are not primarily inflamed; the fauces glisten with secretion. Sensation of choking when the room is close, relieved at window (Mind/Respiration).

Oppression on the chest during the flush; must loosen clothing and seek air; warm, damp rooms bring on a loose, rattling cough, although expectoration is not freely expelled till seated at the window (Respiration) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Stitches beneath clavicles occur with each cough; the chest feels “bathed within.” The drug does not develop deep pneumonia; it loads the tubes with thin mucus and encumbers respiration (contrast Ant-t.). After the storm, a coolness spreads over the chest and the pulse softens.

Pulse first accelerates with the flush, then grows weak and slow; palpitation on ascending stairs in close air; faintness with sweat and ringing in ears (Head/Ears links) [Allen], [Hughes]. Precordial anxiety fades as soon as cool air is inhaled. Collapse has followed massive doses in toxicology—an important cautionary analogue [Hughes]. Orthopnœa is not constant; the key is the vegetative swing in rate and tone with the moisture tide.

Shortness of breath in heated rooms; loose, tickling cough; sensation of syrup in the bronchi; better in cool, moving air and after expectoration [Clarke], [Boericke]. At night the patient wakes choking, pillow wet with sweat and saliva, and is better sitting up by an open window (Sleep link). Asthmatic subjects who “break sweat to breathe” correspond well. There is little pain; the picture is suffocative moisture and relief by air.

Nausea rises with the flush and the saliva; hot drinks aggravate at once; cold sips calm (modal links) [Allen], [Hughes]. Appetite small during the storm; any food increases salivation and may provoke stool; afterwards hunger returns. Retching attends the cough at night. A sinking, empty feeling follows profuse perspiration—akin to China but with heat and moisture rather than chilliness and gas (micro-comparison) [Farrington]. Eructations are warm and tasteless; vomiting is rare, yet relief follows when it occurs.

Abdominal walls are cold and damp with sweat; colic around the umbilicus moves with borborygmi; desire for stool follows food and warm drinks [Allen]. Liver and spleen not specifically enlarged, though portal congestion makes the abdomen heavy during the flush. Eruptive prickling over the epigastrium may be noted as sweat breaks out. Relief ensues after a stool in many cases (Rectum linkage). The abdominal picture is one of secretory hurry, not inflammation.

Sudden urge with loose, watery stools aggravated by warm drinks or immediately after eating; tenesmus slight; relief and a sense of lightness follow stool [Allen], [Hering]. Sweat pours during the evacuation; anus may itch from moisture. In some, alternation appears—one day diarrhœa, next day constipation with moist skin; the thermal modality governs both. China covers the weakness after losses but is chilly and flatulent; Jaborandi is hot, air-seeking, and “wet” [Farrington], [Clarke].

Urine scanty while the skin and salivary glands work; later, when perspiration ceases, urine becomes copious, pale and low in specific gravity [Allen], [Clarke]. Frequent urging during the storm is purely reflex; burning is not marked. In diabetics with excessive sweats a palliative regulation of peripheral moisture has been noted clinically (not curative) [Clarke]. Urine may carry a faint, sweet odour after hot nights.

Warm drinks and soups instantly bring on sweat, saliva, and sometimes stool; cold water in sips relieves nausea and throat tickle (modal key) [Allen], [Hughes]. Desire for acids and cold fruits may be present but often disagree, increasing intestinal secretion (Abdomen/Rectum). Appetite small during the storm, better after perspiration. Alcohol aggravates flushing and sweat.

Sexual function is depressed during exhaustion; emissions may follow night-sweats and leave the patient weak (Generalities). Testicular pain is not characteristic (contrast Iod., Spong.). In parotitis metastasis fear is eased by the drug’s salivary affinity; orchitis is better thought of under Puls., Rhod.

Ptyalism of pregnancy is a classical indication—flood of saliva, worse warmth and motion, better cool air and sips of cold water [Clarke], [Boericke]. Profuse perspiration at the climacteric (flushes ending in sweat) fits the remedy when hot rooms are torture and open air proves instantly grateful (compare Lach., Amylen.) [Clarke]. Mammæ feel full and damp; a lactagogue tendency has been recorded (empirical) [Clarke]. Leucorrhœa increases with heat and motion; underwear wet and clammy. Labour with drenching perspiration and fainting may be steadied by the remedy’s polarity (worse heat; better air and rest).

Back drenched with sweat, particularly between the shoulders and down the spine; a chill down the back heralds the perspiration [Clarke]. Dorsal ache from lying in wet linen; better when dried and cooled. Lumbar weakness after night-sweats; wants to sit or lie with a fan to the back. Coccygeal itching occurs in moist sleepers.

Trembling of hands and knees after sweating; legs heavy and damp; palms wet and sticky so that objects slip (palmar hyperidrosis) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Cramps in calves in hot, damp rooms; better fanning and cold sponging. Feet become macerated by sweating; sore between toes (Skin). Least exertion in warmth increases the moisture and weakness.

The skin is the stage: sudden profuse sweat, warm, often sourish, sometimes oily, pouring from head, face, and trunk; cold and clammy as weakness comes on [Allen], [Clarke], [Boericke]. Eruptions are secondary—sudamina, prickly heat, intertrigo in folds; scalp sweat with hair-loss. Suppression of perspiration aggravates catarrh and asthma (Hering’s law echoed clinically) [Hering], [Clarke]. Pruritus in moist regions (axillæ, groins, perineum) with excoriation. The skin loves air and dislikes wraps.

Aetiology / Heat & Close Room

• Glonoinum — violent head-congestion from sun or heat, with little secretion; Jaborandi relieves by sweat and ptyalism and is less explosive. [Clarke], [Kent].

• Carbo vegetabilis — collapse in hot, close rooms with desire to be fanned; Carbo veg. is asphyxial and cold, while Jaborandi is hot, sweating, and secretory. [Nash], [Boericke].

Salivation (Ptyalism)

• Mercurius — profuse saliva with offensive breath, coated tongue, chilliness, bone-pains; Jaborandi saliva is warm, clean, heat-worse, and air-better. [Hering], [Clarke].

• Kali iodatum — salivation with coryza and emaciation, more ulceration; Jaborandi more purely exocrine flooding without the ulcerative base. [Clarke], [Boger].

Hyperhidrosis / Night-sweats

• China — sweats with debility after loss; chilly, flabby, flatulent; Jaborandi is hot, air-seeking, and its sweat relieves oppression. [Farrington].

• Sambucus — night-sweats with suffocative attacks; sweat may be suppressed; Jaborandi, in contrast, opens outlets freely. [Boger].

• Thuja — oily, sweetish sweat of the sycotic skin; Jaborandi sweat is warm, drenching, and activity-provoked. [Boger], [Boericke].

Bronchorrhea / Asthma

• Antimonium tartaricum — rattling cough with little power to raise and cyanosis; Jaborandi less rattling, more moisture, heat-worse, air-better. [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Ipecacuanha — spasmodic cough with nausea and clean tongue; Ipecac is pale and cold; Jaborandi is hot, sweating, with saliva flowing. [Farrington].

Eye (Miosis / Ciliary Spasm)

• Physostigma — marked ciliary spasm, myopia, brow ache; less salivation and sweat than Jaborandi. [Hughes], [Allen].

• Pilocarpinum — the alkaloid picture—ocular and secretory; Jaborandi adds the broader gland–skin context. [Hughes], [Clarke].

Hair / Scalp Sweat

• Natrum muriaticum — oily scalp, falling hair with grief; less heat-triggered sweat; Jaborandi is thermal and secretory. [Clarke], [Kent].

• Sulphur — vertex heat, morning head sweat; the philosophic sloven type; Jaborandi is purely vegetative and air-seeking. [Kent], [Clarke].

• Complementary: China — after excessive sweating or salivation to restore tone; the sequence Jaborandi → China is classical. [Farrington], [Dewey].

• Complementary: Mercurius — when ptyalism is foul and ulcerative, Mercurius may complete what Jaborandi began in secretory regulation. [Clarke], [Hering].

• Complementary: Sambucus — in nocturnal suffocative sweats; Jaborandi opens outlets, while Sambucus guards against suppression. [Boger].

• Follows well: Aconite — in febrile excitement; when heat and restlessness subside into sweat-need, Jaborandi completes the crisis. [Clarke], [Dewey].

• Follows well: Gelsemium — after nervous slackness with perspiration; Jaborandi suits when secretion is excessive and oppressive. [Farrington].

• Precedes well: Calcarea carbonica — if chronic scalp sweat and hair-fall persist in pale, flabby subjects. [Kent], [Clarke].

• Related remedies — Pilocarpinum (alkaloid), Physostigma (ocular spasm), Antimonium tartaricum, Ipecacuanha, Mercurius, China, Sambucus, Thuja—see differentials. [Hughes], [Clarke], [Boger], [Boericke].

• Antidotes — Atropine (physiological antagonist) in toxic states; Camphor for collapse; Nux vomica in gastric over-activity from warm drinks. [Hughes], [Clarke].

• Inimicals — none fixed; avoid needless alternation with Mercurius unless fetor or ulceration demands it. [Clarke], [Kent].

Indications
Hyperhidrosis (cranial, palmar, menopausal flushes ending in sweat); night-sweats of phthisis (palliation); pregnancy ptyalism; mercurial ptyalism; parotitis (mumps) with salivation; asthmatic bronchorrhea in warm, close rooms; ciliary spasm and miosis with brow ache (Pilocarpinum) [Clarke], [Boericke], [Allen], [Hering], [Hughes].

Posology
Functional hypersecretion responds well to 6C–30C, repeated once to thrice daily for several days, then paused. Night-sweats often yield to a single 30C at bedtime, repeated p.r.n. Chronic palmar or cranial hyperhidrosis may respond to 6X–6C twice daily for weeks (review weekly) [Dewey], [Clarke]. In purely ocular indications, Pilocarpinum 3X–6X or 6C is classically used adjunctively under specialist care [Hughes].

Repetition
With each improvement (longer sweat-free intervals, less pillow-soak, steadier pulse), lengthen the interval. If exhaustion predominates, interpose China.

Adjuncts
Cool, moving air; avoid hot drinks or soups in the evening; tepid or cool sponging; frequent linen changes; gentle aeration after sweat rather than abrupt chilling. Never suppress persistent sweats with astringents unless guided by similars, as suppression aggravates chest troubles [Hering], [Clarke].

Case Pearls

• Pregnancy ptyalism — pillow soaked, worse warm kitchen: Jaborandi 12C t.i.d.; in five days saliva halved, patient could sleep (windows open). [Clinical], [Clarke].

• Palmar hyperhidrosis — clerk, slips paper, worse warmth: Jaborandi 6X b.i.d.; hands dry enough to work, relapse only in summer. [Clinical], [Boericke].

• Night-sweats of phthisis — suffocation in close ward, better at window: Jaborandi 30C nocte; sweats lighter; China later for exhaustion. [Clinical], [Clarke].

• Ciliary spasm — brow ache after warm theatre with miosis: Pilocarpinum 6C × 2; reading comfortable next day. [Clinical], [Hughes].

Mind

• Anxiety — suffocation, warm room agg., better at open window. Guides selection in “ward” situations. [Clarke].

• Irritability — heat and closeness agg.; vegetative impatience. [Kent], [Clarke].

• Indifference — after perspiration; prostration, the “emptied” state. [Allen].

• Fear — of choking, with saliva and mucus flooding; reflex panic. [Hering].

• Better — cool air ameliorates mental oppression. Master modality. [Clarke].

Head

• Perspiration — profuse scalp sweat with headache. Cranial sweat key. [Allen], [Clarke].

• Pain — band-like, brow; heat agg.; cold sponging amel. Practical relief. [Clarke].

• Eyes — accommodation spasm with brow ache; warm room agg. Ocular signature. [Allen], [Hughes].

• Hair — falling after scalp sweating. Trophic note. [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Vertigo — after sweating, with weak pulse. Exhaustion marker. [Allen].

Eyes

• Pupil — contracted with ciliary spasm. Key diagnostic. [Allen], [Hughes].

• Vision — blurred for distance; warm room agg. Functional myopia. [Clarke].

• Photophobia — during ciliary spasm; darkness amel. Management tip. [Allen].

• Lachrymation — accompanies salivation. Exocrine duet. [Clarke].

Nose / Throat / Mouth

• Coryza — watery; warm room agg.; open air amel. Environmental rubric. [Clarke].

• Salivation — profuse, pillow-wetting, especially at night. Cornerstone rubric. [Allen], [Hering].

• Parotid — swelling with salivation (mumps). Mumps sphere. [Clarke].

• Throat — hawking of mucus; warm room agg. Bronchial link. [Clarke].

• Taste — perverted after hot drinks. Trigger sign. [Allen].

Stomach / Abdomen / Rectum

• Nausea — warm drinks agg.; cold sips amel. Modal key. [Allen], [Hughes].

• Diarrhea — after eating; hot food agg.; relief after stool. Reflex chain. [Allen], [Hering].

• Abdomen — clammy sweat with colic. Vegetative storm. [Clarke].

• Appetite — diminished during perspiration; returns after. Post-storm pattern. [Allen].

• Eructations — warm, tasteless, with sweat. Concomitant. [Allen].

Urinary

• Urine — scanty during perspiration; copious, pale after. Reciprocal outlets. [Allen], [Clarke].

• Urging — frequent, reflex, flushes with. Minor confirmation. [Clarke].

• Enuresis — at night in sweat-soaked children. Moist terrain. [Clinical], [Clarke].

Chest / Respiration / Heart

• Asthma — warm, close room agg.; open air amel. Signature respiratory rubric. [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Cough — loose, rattling; expectoration scant until cool air. Window test. [Clarke].

• Oppression — loosen clothing amel. Practical bedside cue. [Clarke].

• Pulse — weak, slow after perspiration. Exhaustion sign. [Allen], [Hughes].

• Palpitation — on ascending in close room; exertion/heat link. [Allen].

Skin / Perspiration / Generalities / Sleep

• Perspiration — profuse, general, night, pillow-wetting. Crown keynote. [Boericke], [Clarke].

• Perspiration — from least exertion in warmth. Trigger rubric. [Allen].

• Suppressed perspiration — aggravates catarrh and asthma. Cautionary law. [Hering].

• Generalities — heat agg.; open air amel.; warm drinks agg.; uncovering amel. Master quartet. [Clarke], [Allen].

• Sleep — desire to uncover; sweats at night agg. Behavioural confirmation. [Boericke].

Hering, C. — The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica (1879–1891): ptyalism, perspiration, bronchorrhœa; clinical notes (pregnancy, mumps, night-sweats).
Allen, T. F. — Encyclopædia of Pure Materia Medica (1874–1879): provings/toxicology of Jaborandi and Pilocarpinum; ocular, salivary, gastric data; modalities.
Clarke, J. H. — A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica (1900): full remedy portrait—hyperhidrosis, ptyalism, parotid affinity, respiratory relief by air; relationships.
Hughes, R. — A Manual of Pharmacodynamics (late 19th c.): pharmacologic action of pilocarpine; muscarinic profile informing homœopathic picture; ocular use.
Boericke, W. — Pocket Manual of Homœopathic Materia Medica (1901): keynotes—profuse sweat and saliva, night-sweats of phthisis, parotitis; modalities.
Boger, C. M. — Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica (1915): modalities (heat-worse, air-better), bronchial and sweat rubrics; comparisons (Merc., China, Samb.).
Kent, J. T. — Lectures on Homœopathic Materia Medica (1905): miasmatic framing; vegetative polarity; comparisons with Merc., China, Physostigma.
Farrington, E. A. — Clinical Materia Medica (1890): contrasts in salivation/sweats (Merc., China, Ipec.); chest and collapse management.
Phatak, S. R. — Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Medicines (20th c.): concise essence—profuse secretions, heat-worse, air-better; gastric and ocular notes.
Dewey, W. A. — Practical Homœopathic Therapeutics (early 20th c.): management of night-sweats and ptyalism; sequencing with China/Aconite.
Nash, E. B. — Leaders in Homœopathic Therapeutics (1899): collapse and air-craving comparisons (Carbo-veg. vs. “hot and wet” states).
Tyler, M. L. — Homœopathic Drug Pictures (20th c.): vivid sketch of the “window remedy” for sweats and salivation.
Dunham, C. — Homœopathy, the Science of Therapeutics (1877): reflections on diaphoresis and outlet; applied comparatively to Jaborandi.