Lachnanthes tinctoria

A North American bog plant of the Haemodoraceæ bearing woolly white inflorescences and a red dyestuff root—hence tinctoria. Tincture is prepared from the fresh root and flowering tops. Traditional toxic notes include gastric irritation, vertigo, tremulous weakness, spasmodic twitchings, and a striking cervical–spinal rigidity with head retraction or lateral drawing, mapping the remedy to torticollis, rheumatic neck affections, and cerebro-spinal states [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke]. Old American use of the red root as dye and as a topical rubefacient for “rheumatic stiff neck” foreshadows the homœopathic sphere. Clinical tradition places Lachnanthes among acute laryngo-tracheal catarrhs (croupous irritation), pleuro-pneumonic onsets with “hot chest and cold limbs,” and neuro-muscular spasms centring on the nape and upper dorsal spine [Boericke], [Boger], [Farrington]. The sensory polarity “icy within—burning without,” especially “icy coldness in chest with heat of head or circumscribed red cheeks,” is repeatedly noted [Clarke], [Boericke].

Provings (Hering’s school; Allen’s compilation) elicited: violent stiffness of neck with the head drawn to the right, pain as if the cervical vertebræ were dislocated, head cannot be held up, rolling of head, vertigo with nausea, hot face with cold hands and feet, icy sensation in chest, hoarseness with laryngeal soreness, croupy cough, stitching through lungs, creeping chills up the back, and rheumatic pains of shoulders and wrists; modalities—worse motion, turning the head, cold and damp, change of weather; better warmth, external support/pressure, lying quietly (often on back with head supported) [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke], [Boericke], [Boger]. Early clinical confirmations include torticollis (acute and chronic), rheumatic fever “flying to neck,” croupous laryngitis, and pneumonic onset with circumscribed red cheeks and icy chest [Clarke], [Farrington].

Lachnanthes is the small, sharp remedy whose picture shines when three signatures converge. First, the cervical fixation: the neck is “as if dislocated,” the head drawn to the right, rolling or thrown back, and any attempt to turn renews stabbing from atlas to scapula. This alone lifts it from the crowd of rheumatic neck remedies—Rhus-t. wants movement; Cimicifuga aches and broods; Causticum draws with paralysis—whereas Lachn. is spastic, sudden, positionally exacting, and passionately attached to warmth, quiet and support [Hering], [Clarke], [Boger]. Second, the laryngo-pulmonary edge: a croupy, dry, barking cough and painful larynx arrive with weather change; the voice breaks; pleuro-pneumonic stitches compel the patient to sit propped and still; and the throat craves warmth (steam, warm sips). Here it neighbours Spongia and Bryonia, but declares itself by the nuchal rigidity that couples cough and neck in one act—each bark jars the “dislocated” cervical spot—and by the tell-tale vascular split [Farrington], [Boericke].

That split is the third signature: hot head and circumscribed red cheeks with icy sensation within the chest and cold hands and feet. The patient burns above and freezes within; he asks for more covering and yet pushes away cold air from the neck. This vaso-motor contradiction is not the toxic flush of Belladonna nor the burn-through of Phosphorus; it is a “surface heat–central chill” pattern that marries the neck and the chest in Lachn. cases [Clarke]. The organism is meteorotropic like its Ericaceæ kin: spine chills climb before storms; change of weather brings on the croup and stiff neck; the cure proceeds with a warm, free perspiration provided draughts are banished.

In bedside practice, recognise Lachnanthes when a child wakes after a damp day, face flushed, hands cold, barking and refusing to turn the head, or when an adult, after a chill, sits rigid with the head held to the right, larynx sore, and chest “cold inside.” Respect the remedy’s polarities: immobilise and support the head, keep the room evenly warm, permit warm drinks/steam, and avoid any draught; the direction then runs outward and downward (nape → shoulder → wrist; chest heat → warm limbs), mental irritability softens, the cough grows looser, and the head can at last be turned. Thus the essence: a fixed neck in a moving weather, a hot head above an icy chest, and a small plant with a precise, saving niche.

• ervical spine and nape — torticollis; head drawn to the right; cervical vertebrae feel “out of joint”; any turning renews spasm (see Head/Back/Extremities) [Hering], [Clarke], [Allen].

• Larynx and trachea — hoarseness, croupous irritation, painful larynx, rough cough; voice breaks on talking (see Throat/Respiration) [Boericke], [Farrington].

• Lungs and pleurae — pleuro-pneumonic stitches; “hot chest with cold limbs”; icy coldness felt inside chest (see Chest/Respiration) [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Cerebro-spinal axis — rolling of head, opisthotonic tendency, vertigo with head retraction; creeping chills up the spine (see Head/Back/Fever) [Hering], [Allen].

• Scapular girdle — rheumatic, drawing pains from nape into shoulders and down arms, especially right; worse motion (see Back/Extremities) [Boger], [Clarke].

• Peripheral nerves — neuralgic streaks face → neck → arm; numb weakness after spasm (see Face/Extremities) [Allen].

• Vaso-motor balance — circumscribed red cheeks with cold hands and feet; heat of head with internal chest chill (see Face/Chill-Heat) [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Direction — above → below (head/nape → shoulders/arms), and centre → periphery (chest heat → cold extremities); suppression of sweat or catarrh drives inward to neck/chest (see Generalities) [Hering], [Boger].

Irritable under constraint of the head and neck; hypersensitive to least attempt at passive movement, which tallies with the modality (worse turning the head) already noted [Hering], [Clarke]. Anxiety centres not on abstract fear but on anticipated pain—he dreads any motion that might “pull the neck out,” and will command attendants not to touch the pillow (Mind ↔ Head/Back). During chest attacks the temper is restless with red cheeks and bright eyes, yet the hands are cold and he asks to be covered—a vaso-motor contradiction often guiding to Lachn. (Mind ↔ Face/Chill-Heat) [Clarke]. Children are peevish, throw the head back or roll it, and cry if the neck is supported insufficiently; the relief of firm support calms the mind. In croupous onsets, fretfulness alternates with a dull, heavy stupor if the head has been held in one posture long; clearing of the laryngeal tickle improves morale (Mind ↔ Throat). The patient is exacting about the room climate—wants steady, warm air and no draught; change of weather forebodes “a bad night,” echoing the meteorotropic aggravation. Mental focus is scattered by vertigo; reading aggravates head-heaviness and neck twitching. After a spasm the mind is tranquil but weary, with a blank, “washed-out” feeling. A mini-case: a boy after chill sat erect, face flushed, hands cold, refusing to move his head; with Lachn. the stiffness eased and his irritability vanished as he allowed the nurse to adjust his scarf [Clinical], [Clarke].

Cannot sleep for rolling of the head; every attempt to turn renews pain; finally sleeps on the back with head high and propped, which tallies with the amelioration already noted [Hering], [Allen]. First sleep after midnight broken by croupy cough and laryngeal rawness; child starts, grasps at neck, then settles if wrapped warmly and the head is well supported. In the morning, waking again finds the head fixed to the right.

Of falling backward; of wind and oncoming storms; of being unable to turn the head; dreams cease as neck stiffness yields (Dreams ↔ Back/Generalities). Children dream they are choking and cry for the scarf to be adjusted—a laryngeal-neck link.

Lachnanthes synthesises three axes: (1) Cervical–spinal: “as if the cervical vertebræ were dislocated,” head drawn to the right, rolling head, neck rigid; worse motion/turning, better firm support, warmth, rest [Hering], [Clarke]. (2) Laryngo-pulmonary: hoarseness, croupy night cough, pleuro-pneumonic stitches; worse weather-change, draughts, better warm, even air, warm sips [Farrington], [Boericke]. (3) Vaso-motor polarity: hot head/face with circumscribed red cheeks while hands and feet are cold and a subjective icy coldness in chest (surface ↔ centre split) [Clarke]. Direction runs from above downward (nape → shoulders → wrists) and from centre outward (chest heat ↔ cold extremities). Ericaceæ-like meteorotropism (worse storms/change) and the dramatic right-sided neck drawing make the signature unmistakable. Compare Rhus-t. (stiff neck but better motion), Cimicifuga (neck and rheumatic spine with mental gloom, less right-draw), Gelsemium (heaviness and weakness without torticollis or hot-head/cold-limb polarity), Spongia (croup cough without nuchal spasm), Causticum (torticollis with drawing but more paralytic, less croup), and Kalmia (downward pains with bradycardia, different polarity) [Boger], [Clarke], [Farrington], [Kent]. The regimen must respect the remedy: immobilise and support the head, keep the room warm and free of draughts, permit warm drinks/steam, and await the warm sweat that signals resolution.

Fever with hot head and circumscribed red cheeks, yet cold hands and feet; thirst moderate for warm sips; cough dry; the pulse may be small or quick according to surface heat; fever declines with a warm perspiration if draughts are excluded [Clarke], [Boericke].

Chill begins in the back and climbs to the occiput; heat sits on face and scalp; chest feels icy internally (Chill/Heat polarity) [Boger], [Clarke]. Sweat tardy; when it comes, warm and relieving, especially if neck and chest are wrapped and room is equable. Any draught during sweat renews neck spasm.

Head feels too heavy to hold; slightest effort to lift it starts rolling or throws it to the right; he must grasp the hair or prop the chin [Hering], [Allen]. Pain as if the cervical vertebræ were dislocated; the head is drawn to one side (mostly right) and cannot be brought straight; any attempt causes stabbing from atlas into scapula (Head ↔ Back/Extremities). Sensation of a hoop tight round the head with heat of vertex and flushed cheeks while hands and feet are cold—the head is “hot outside, icy in chest,” tying the cephalic to the chest polarity (Head ↔ Chest/Chill-Heat) [Clarke]. Vertigo on rising, with nausea; turning in bed renews it; lying perfectly still with head high relieves (modal echo). Occiput and nape sore as if bruised or sprained; pillows feel too hard. Before storms a crawling chill ascends the spine to occiput and the head begins to roll, an Ericaceæ-like warning [Boger].

Eyes bright and over-shining during chest heat; pupils not fixedly dilated but tense; looking up or sideways provokes neck spasm (Eyes ↔ Back) [Clarke]. Aching over orbits with a sense of ocular weight; reading or light increases head heat and neck twitching; lids quiver with the effort to steady gaze [Allen]. Vision momentarily blurs on turning the head; steadies when head is supported. In rheumatic subjects, shooting from supraorbital ridge to temporal insertion of sternomastoid shows the nerve-track link (Eyes ↔ Head/Neck).

Cold air on the ears renews neck pains; a dull mastoid ache accompanies nuchal stiffness (Ears ↔ Back) [Clarke]. Sudden noises startle and excite a jerk of the head to the right; after the spasm hearing seems muffled for minutes. Ear catarrh is not central; it is the reflex neuralgia that belongs here.

Coryza of changeable weather with dry tickle in larynx more than nasal flow; nose cool to touch while face is flushed, illustrating the surface–centre polarity [Clarke]. Sneezing may precipitate a jerk of the head to one side; the patient learns to suppress it, worsening chest burden (Nose ↔ Throat/Chest).

Face often shows circumscribed red cheeks with bright eyes during chest heat while extremities are cold (Face ↔ Chest/Chill-Heat) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Expression anxious from anticipated motion pain; jaw clenched to immobilise the nape. After a spasm, face pales and a cold sweat stands on the upper lip; warmth returns as stillness is maintained. Right malar neuralgic streak to ear and down sternomastoid occurs in some cases (Face ↔ Ears/Back).

Dryness of mouth with hot breath when chest feels icy within; tongue often dry at edges with a central pallor [Clarke]. Talking aggravates hoarseness and jerks the neck; the patient answers curtly to minimise vibration (Mouth ↔ Throat/Back). Taste blunted; thirst moderate for warm sips in laryngeal tickle.

No special caries; yet neuralgic darts may pass from right upper molars to ear and along the sternomastoid with a head-twitch to right; steady pressure of the hand to cheek gives relief (Teeth ↔ Face/Back) [Allen].

Rawness and pain in larynx; hoarseness with voice breaking on least use; larynx sensitive to touch and draught; desire to wrap the throat warmly (Throat axis) [Farrington], [Boericke]. A croupy element appears: dry, rough, barking cough at night, worse change of weather, better warm, even atmosphere and warm drinks—this tallies with the Better For (warmth, steam) already noted. Swallowing jars the nape and renews the “dislocated neck” sensation; patient sips carefully.

Key sphere. Icy coldness felt within the chest while the skin of chest and face may feel burning hot; circumscribed cheek flush; hands and feet cold—diagnostic polarity (Chest ↔ Face/Chill-Heat) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Stitches through lungs, especially on motion or speaking; pleural catches with desire to sit propped, not to lie on the right side. Oppression with hoarseness; the cough is dry, croupy, worse night and weather-change; warm, moist air soothes. A creeping chill travels up back before chest symptoms bloom (Chest ↔ Back).

Palpitation from the least attempt to raise the head; pulse may be quick with superficial heat but the inner chest feels icy; the contradiction unsettles the patient (Heart ↔ Chest/Head) [Clarke]. Anxiety at præcordia with desire to keep perfectly still; tight clothing around neck and chest intolerable. No distinctive valvular picture; the remedy is functional–neuro-vascular about the onset.

Short, rough breathing; laryngeal soreness; voice low; cough barks at night and on change of weather; better steady warmth, worse draughts (Respiration ↔ Throat/Modalities) [Farrington], [Boericke]. Breath feels cold to the patient inside, though the face is hot; inspiration jars the nape unless the head is supported.

Vertigo with nausea on raising the head; epigastric sinking coincident with chest chill and head heat (Stomach ↔ Chest/Head) [Allen], [Clarke]. Appetite reduced during storms; warm food relieves general chill though not the local head heat. Vomiting is rare; if it occurs in croup, it momentarily quiets the cough.

Little colic; abdomen cool to touch when chest feels icy within; surface–centre split continues (Abdomen ↔ Chill-Heat) [Clarke]. Anxiety tightens the epigastrium during head-twitches; flatulence not prominent.

Constipation from absolute immobility—the patient dreads the motion needed for stool; after a quiet stool neck stiffness is momentarily easier (Rectum ↔ Back). Diarrhœa not a keynote.

Scant urine during acute spasmodic states; becomes freer with warmth and quiet; sediment unremarkable (Urinary ↔ Generalities). In feverish chest onsets the urine is high-coloured; relief follows perspiration.

Craves warm drinks during laryngeal rawness; cold drinks aggravate the chest “icy within” sensation paradoxically and renew cough (Food ↔ Throat/Chest) [Farrington]. Appetite small; aversion to uncovering chest at meals; warm soups comfort.

Sexual sphere quiescent in acute states; emissions unlikely. Exposure of pelvis to cold wind may start a neuralgic draw to the groin with sympathetic neck-jerk—a reflex pattern (Male ↔ Back).

Neck rigidity and cough grow worse around menses in some; chest heat with cold extremities aggravates dysmenorrhœa (Female ↔ Chest/Chill-Heat) [Clarke]. Laryngeal hoarseness after chill about menses is a small clinical tip.

Capital sphere with the head. Neck stiff as a board; head drawn to the right; pain as if the cervical vertebræ were dislocated; the patient supports the head with both hands and forbids the pillow to be moved (Back axis) [Hering], [Clarke]. Creeping chills up the back herald storms and chest attacks; heat of head increases while the dorsal spine feels cold. Scapular insertions ache; right trapezius is a frequent focus; warmth and firm support relieve; motion or draught renews pain.

Rheumatic descent from nape to shoulders, arms, wrists; right side predominates; pains are drawing, stitching, worse motion, better warmth and gentle rubbing [Boger]. Hands are cold while head/face are hot; fingers tremble during head-jerks; grasp weak until quiet is restored. Knees and ankles ache after a chill; but large-joint swelling is not prominent—this is a fibrous–muscular neck–shoulder remedy.

Surface heat of head and chest with cold extremities; skin otherwise dry; sweat comes late and brings relief when warm and free (Skin ↔ Chill-Heat) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Eruptions not characteristic; gooseflesh on chill down back is frequent.

Aetiology / Weather-change neck–chest complex

• Rhododendron: storm pains, neuralgic–rheumatic, but lacks torticollis with head drawn right and “icy chest with hot head.” [Clarke], [Boger].

• Gelsemium: heavy, dull, drowsy; neck weak rather than spasmodically fixed; no croupy element or hot-head/cold-limb polarity. [Kent], [Clarke].

• Cimicifuga (Actaea r.): rheumatic spine and neck, mental gloom, uterine nexus; less constant right-drawn head; more muscular aching than dislocation-feeling. [Farrington].

Torticollis / Cervical spine

• Causticum: drawing of neck with contracture, but more paralytic; skin warts, rawness; cough less croupy. Lachn. is more acute spastic with chill up back. [Boger], [Clarke].

• Belladonna: hot head, flushed face, throbbing; spasms possible; but Bell. is worse jar, light with delirium; neck drawing not so right-fixed; chest not icy within. [Kent], [Clarke].

• Bryonia: pleurisy stitches and wants to lie still, but head-neck spasm and head drawn right are not Bry.; dryness and thirst greater in Bry. [Farrington].

Croup / Hoarseness

• Spongia: dry, barking, sawing larynx; less neck spasm and chest polarity; craves warm drinks like Lachn. [Farrington].

• Aconite: sudden croup with fright and fever; not the rolling head/torticollis picture. [Kent].

• Hepar: croup with great chilliness and tenderness; sputum thick; no hot-head/icy-chest keynote. [Clarke].

Pleuro-pneumonic onset

• Phosphorus: burning chest, thirst for cold, haemoptysis; not the cold extremities + hot head with neck spasm of Lachn. [Clarke].

• Kali-carb.: stitching chest pains, 3–4 a.m. aggravation, back-stitch to scapula; neck fixedness not a feature. [Boger].

Right-sided neck–shoulder rheumatism

• Ferrum-phos.: first inflammatory blush; no “dislocated” cervical feeling or croup. [Farrington].

• Kalmia: downward neuralgic descent with bradycardia; Lachn. lacks heart-slowing, has hot-head/icy-chest polarity. [Farrington], [Clarke].

• Complementary: Spongia — croupy cough with laryngeal rawness; Lachn. adds torticollis and hot-head/icy-chest polarity; Spong. may follow to complete the larynx sphere. [Farrington].

• Complementary: Bryonia — pleuritic stitches demanding rest; Lachn. when cervical spasm and weather-change lead; Bry. to finish the serous stage. [Farrington], [Boger].

• Complementary: Rhododendron — shared meteorotropism; Rhod. for neuralgia without neck fixation; Lachn. when the neck is drawn right. [Clarke].

• Follows well: Aconite — in abrupt chill and croup onset; Lachn. when head-rolling and neck rigidity declare themselves. [Kent], [Boericke].

• Follows well: Ferrum-phos. — after first congestive flush in pleuro-pneumonia when the icy-chest polarity appears. [Farrington].

• Precedes well: Hepar — if suppurative laryngeal stage succeeds the croupy dry stage. [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Related — Gelsemium, Cimicifuga, Causticum, Bryonia, Spongia, Rhododendron, Belladonna, Kalmia, Phosphorus, Kali-carb. (see Differentials). [Clarke], [Boger].

• Antidotes — Warmth, steady support to head/neck, warm moist air; medicinally, Camphor may calm over-reaction (clinical). [Hering], [Clarke].

• Inimicals — None fixed; avoid alternation with Belladonna in spasmodic fevers unless the Bell. mental picture is clear. [Kent].

• Torticollis (often right-drawn) after chill or strain — head feels “as if vertebræ dislocated,” worse turning, better warmth and support. Short, frequent doses of 6C–30C until the spasm yields. [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke].

• Croupy laryngitis with nuchal rigidity — barking cough and laryngeal soreness, worse weather-change, better in warm moist air. Alternate-hour dosing at onset, then space as sweat appears. [Farrington], [Boericke].

• Pleuro-pneumonic stitches with hot head / icy chest polarity — Bryonia may follow for pleural serous stage, but Lachnanthes is first choice when the neck is rigidly engaged. [Clarke], [Farrington].

• Right trapezius–scapular rheumatism descending to the wrist after a draught on the neck — topical dry heat plus Lachnanthes restore mobility. [Boger].

• Climate and regimen management — equable warmth, no draughts across the nape, head supported high; these external measures potentiate Lachnanthes’ action. [Clarke].

Mind

• Irritability – touch or attempted support of head aggravates; dreads motion; immobilises self. [Hering], [Clarke]

• Anxiety – about anticipated pain on moving the head; “don’t move the pillow.” [Clarke]

• Restlessness – with red cheeks and cold hands; vaso-motor split. [Clarke]

• Weather – change aggravates mood and pains; fear of approaching storm. [Boger]

• Aversion to draughts – exacting about room climate. [Clarke]

• Consolation – calms if head is firmly supported; irritability if not. [Hering]

Head / Face

• Head – drawn to right; cannot be kept straight; torticollis. [Hering], [Clarke]

• Cervical vertebrae – sensation as if dislocated; attempt to turn renews pain. [Hering]

• Head – rolling; must grasp hair; worse raising head. [Allen]

• Face – circumscribed red cheeks with cold extremities. [Clarke]

• Vertigo – on raising head or turning in bed. [Allen]

• Heat – scalp hot with icy chest sensation. [Clarke]

Throat / Larynx

• Hoarseness – voice breaks on use; larynx painful to touch. [Farrington]

• Croup – dry, barking; worse night, change of weather; better warm, moist air. [Farrington], [Boericke]

• Larynx – rawness with cough; cold air aggravates. [Clarke]

• Talking – aggravates cough and neck spasm. [Allen]

• Throat – wants to be wrapped warm; draught across neck aggravates. [Clarke]

• Swallowing – jars nape; takes in sips. [Hering]

Chest / Respiration

• Sensation – icy coldness in chest with hot face. [Clarke], [Boericke]

• Stitches – through lungs; motion and talking aggravate; propped posture ameliorates. [Clarke]

• Cough – barking, croupy; worse night, change of weather; better steady warmth. [Farrington]

• Breath – short; draught across chest aggravates. [Clarke]

• Position – cannot lie on right side; pleural stitch. [Clarke]

• Contradiction – chest feels cold within though skin is hot. [Clarke]

Back / Neck

• Neck – stiff, board-like; cannot turn; motion renews pain. [Hering]

• Chill – creeping up back before storm/attack. [Boger]

• Muscles – cervical pain as if sprained; needs support/bandage. [Clarke]

• Scapulae – right trapezius/trachelian pains; warmth ameliorates. [Boger]

• Draught – across neck aggravates immediately. [Clarke]

• Head – must be held with hands. [Hering]

Extremities

• Rheumatism – pains descending from neck → shoulder → wrist (right side). [Boger]

• Hands – cold while head is hot. [Clarke]

• Trembling – hands during head jerks. [Allen]

• Joints – ache after chill; worse motion, better warmth. [Boericke]

• Weak grasp – after spasm; improves with warmth and rest. [Clarke]

• Soreness – wrists/ankles after weather change. [Boger]

Fever / Chill / Sweat / Generalities

• Chill – begins in back, climbs to occiput. [Boger]

• Heat – head and face hot, limbs cold. [Clarke]

• Sweat – warm, relieving; suppression by draught aggravates neck/chest. [Hering]

• Modalities – worse motion, draughts, change of weather; better warmth, rest, support. [Clarke], [Boger]

• Right-sidedness – neck draw and shoulder pains. [Hering]

• Weather – storm before and during; symptoms rise and fall with meteorologic shifts. [Clarke]

Hering, C. — The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica (1879–1891): provings/clinicals—torticollis (head drawn right), “dislocated” cervical feeling, rolling head, croupy cough, modalities.
Allen, T. F. — Encyclopædia of Pure Materia Medica (1874–1879): proving details—nuchal rigidity, vertigo on raising head, laryngeal soreness, rheumatic descent, chill up back.
Clarke, J. H. — A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica (1900): full portrait—hot head with icy chest, circumscribed red cheeks, weather-change aggravation, chest–neck linkage; regimen notes.
Boericke, W. — Pocket Manual of Homœopathic Materia Medica (1901): keynotes—torticollis, croup, pleuro-pneumonic stitches, warmth better; relationships.
Boger, C. M. — Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica (1915): modalities—worse motion, draughts, storms; rheumatic descent from neck; spine chill.
Farrington, E. A. — Clinical Materia Medica (1890): laryngeal therapeutics; comparisons with Spong., Bry., Bell.; stage and climate management.
Kent, J. T. — Lectures on Homœopathic Materia Medica (1905): miasmatic colouring; comparisons (Gels., Cimic., Caust.); motion vs. rest doctrine in rheumatics.
Hughes, R. — A Manual of Pharmacodynamics (late 19th c.): botanical/pharmacologic setting of Lachnanthes; irritant/spasmodic tendencies.
Nash, E. B. — Leaders in Homœopathic Therapeutics (1899): brief notes—neck and croup pointers; regimen.
Lippe, A. von — Keynotes and Characteristics (late 19th c.): selecting keynotes—head drawn to right; hot head/cold limbs; chill up back.
Tyler, M. L. — Homœopathic Drug Pictures (20th c.): clinical image—torticollis child, croup with stiff nape; differentiations.
Dewey, W. A. — Practical Homœopathic Therapeutics (early 20th c.): croup/pleurisy handling; warmth/steam, head support as adjuncts.