• Veins and Capillaries. Venous stasis, varicosities, phlebitis, thrombophlebitic soreness; tendency to oozing dark blood from congested parts; worse letting limb hang, better elevation and elastic pressure [Hering], [Clarke], [Boger].
• Haemorrhage (Venous). Dark, passive, non-excited bleeding from nose, uterus, rectum, lungs, and after injury; faintness from small losses (Loss-of-fluids linkage) [Allen], [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Rectum. Bleeding piles with marked soreness; stool followed by venous gush; external piles bluish, tender, bleeding on least touch [Hering], [Boericke], [Boger].
• Uterus and Ovaries. Menorrhagia/metrorrhagia—dark flow, passive; vicarious epistaxis; after trauma or over-exertion; ovaralgia with pelvic congestion [Clarke], [Allen], [Farrington].
• Nose & Nasal Mucosa. Epistaxis easily, dark venous; with headache or as vicarious menses; soreness of bridge/root [Hering], [Allen].
• Testes & Spermatic Veins. Varicocele, orchitis/epididymitis with sore bruised testicle; darting to groin; veins distended bluish [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Eyes. Retinal/subconjunctival haemorrhages, traumatic eye bleeds with aching, bruised pain and photophobia [Allen], [Clarke], [Hughes].
• Lungs. Haemoptysis—dark, venous; tickling cough with chest soreness; after strain [Allen], [Clarke].
• Skin & Soft Tissue. Bruises painful and oozing; bluish congested veins; ecchymoses persisting [Boericke], [Hale].
• Pelvic & Portal Congestion. Heaviness, bearing-down from congested venous plexuses (pelvic, portal) [Clarke], [Boger].

• Cold applications to bleeding or congested parts (nose, piles, sprains) [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Firm pressure / elastic bandage over varicosities; manual compression to nosebleed [Hering], [Boger].
• Elevation of the limb (varicose, phlebitic, haemorrhagic sites) [Clarke], [Boger].
• Absolute rest after haemorrhage; quiet, recumbent posture [Clarke], [Nash].
• Open cool air; cool rooms during epistaxis or menorrhagia [Clarke].
• Cold water internally in small sips during faintness after bleeding [Allen].
• Gentle support garments (stockings, truss for varicocele) [Clarke].
• After stool if bleeding is controlled by cold compress (piles) [Hering].
• Loosening tight clothing about abdomen/pelvis (relieves pelvic venous stasis) [Clarke].
• Bathing the eyes cold in ocular haemorrhage [Allen], [Hughes].
• Time and light diet post-haemorrhage (less pelvic/portal engorgement) [Nash].
• Avoiding heat and standing—early relief of limb soreness [Boger].

• Heat in any form—warm rooms, hot baths, summer weather (veins dilate; bleeding increases) [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Standing / letting limb hang down; dependent position of varicose limb (throbbing, oozing) [Boger], [Clarke].
• Motion / exertion, especially after injury or with piles (provokes bleeding) [Hering], [Allen].
• Least touch of tender piles, testes, or bruised parts (exquisite soreness) [Hering], [Boericke].
• Menstruation onset; before menses pelvic congestion rises; dark flooding [Clarke].
• After stool when piles protrude and ooze (if not compressed/cooled) [Hering].
• Warm drinks during epistaxis (flow increases) [Clarke].
• Lifting, straining, coughing (haemoptysis, piles) [Allen], [Boericke].
• Alcohol (vasodilation; pelvic and nasal engorgement) [Clarke].
• Tight garters / belts that impede venous return (varicosities worse) [Boger].
• Night warmth in bed—pelvic and rectal congestion felt as aching, fullness [Clarke].
• Pregnancy—varicosities and piles ooze more (congestion) [Farrington].

The mental state mirrors blood loss and venous congestion. With haemorrhage there is quiet sinking, an anxiety out of proportion to the visible flow—patients dread another gush and cling to attendants, though not with the burning restlessness of Arsenicum (they lie still and pale) [Clarke], [Nash]. After epistaxis or uterine loss they grow indifferent, drowsy, and easily faint, a China-like loss-of-fluids debility that Ham. addresses on the bleeding side rather than the tonic side (Relationship: China complements) [Allen], [Nash], [Boericke]. Hypochondriacal worry centres on veins and bleeding: fear the piles “will burst,” or that the monthly flow “won’t stop” (Affinity: Rectum/Female) [Clarke]. Irritability is gentle, mostly a soreness of temper—touchy like the tissues themselves; the least interference to a tender part provokes tears or complaint (Modalities: worse touch) [Hering]. There is a heaviness of spirits with pelvic or portal congestion; they sit still and cool by a window, fearing heat or movement will kindle bleeding (Better open air; Worse heat/motion) [Clarke], [Boger]. Shock from injury is quiet, with oozing and a faint wish to be left alone; yet reassurance settles them, and cold compresses calm mind and body together (Affinity: Skin/Veins) [Hale], [Clarke]. The mental picture lacks serpent-like delirium or tragic despair; it is pale, venous, passive, governed by the state of the vessels [Boericke], [Farrington]. As oozing lessens and venous tone improves, confidence returns and the patient resumes gentle movement—an observable mind–vessel synchrony [Clarke], [Boger].

Venous fullness and heaviness characterise the head symptoms, often with epistaxis that relieves the oppressed feeling—a classic vicarious outlet in girls with delayed or suppressed menses (Nose/Female links) [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke]. The bridge of the nose and root feel sore to touch; frontal pressure mounts in warm rooms and abates with cool air or cold sponging (Modalities) [Clarke]. After nosebleed there is faintness and sleepiness, yet renewed bleeding follows the least motion or warm drink (Worse motion/heat) [Allen], [Clarke]. Headache may alternate with uterine or rectal bleeding; as pelvic congestions drain, the head clears (System cross-link) [Clarke]. Following eye strain or trauma, ocular haemorrhage with aching, bruised pain and photophobia rounds out the cephalic picture (Eyes) [Allen], [Hughes]. In chronic venous subjects the scalp shows easy ecchymoses from trivial knocks (Skin/Affinity) [Hering], [Boericke].