Core Themes / Remedy Essence. Paracanthurus hepatus sits squarely in the Sea field with a signature polarity of exposure vs protection. The patient is timid, readily startled, and becomes blank/dazed rather than floridly anxious when over-lit, over-heard, or scrutinised; the mind then mis-sequences tasks and words, makes small mistakes, and retreats into quiet, sometimes after a brief anger flash that brings remorse [Klein], [Bailey]. Safety is sensorial and social: cover the skin, dim the light, reduce glare, stay with one or two trusted people, add rhythm (swaying, music, paced breathing). When such cues are present, orientation returns, speech re-orders, and sleep follows naturally—this is not narcotic sedation but physiological settling (Sleep/Generalities cross-linked). Dreams and day-images draw toward home/harbour: former partners, pets, and childhood rooms, indicating a memory–attachment axis that differentiates Parac-h. from other sea remedies focused on shock or sexual polarities [Sankaran], [Bailey].

Miasmatically the picture traverses psora–sycosis–tubercular (functional gating failure, restless seeking of the right environment, periodic flares), and, in more eroded states, a syphilitic tinge of disorientation appears without psychosis. In post-partum cases where the mother is gentle, avoids visitors, covers up, dislikes bright rooms, and dreams of homecoming, Parac-h. may be decisive; if the tone is cold aversion with duty-fatigue, think Sepia. In elders with evening confusion, who lower the lights themselves and settle when held/covered, Parac-h. often opens the case so nutritive or constitutional remedies can consolidate (Relationships). Pace is reactive but quiet; thermal state neutral-to-cool with warm face under pressure; sensitivities visual/auditory more than tactile pain; core polarity exposure ↔ protection, crowd/glare ↔ cover/dimness, authority ↔ trusted small group (Modalities and Mind corroborate) [Klein], [Sankaran], [Bailey]. [Proving] [Clinical].

Pulex irritans speaks to patients whose skin becomes a battlefield after insect exposure: papules/wheals with a central punctum, intolerable itching that flames in warmth and quiets in cold, and a bite-map distribution at ankles, calves, and elastic/waist lines. The case language is vivid—stings, burns, must scratch, drives me mad, only cold helps—and the behaviour is diagnostic: they throw the covers off, stand by an open window, press rather than rub, and carry a cold cloth, sleeping only in brief cooled interludes. The mental sphere is secondary but palpable: peevish, easily vexed, focused on the skin’s irritation; children slap at spots and demand to “make it cold.” This is not the oedematous, puffy Apis state, nor the vesicular Rhus-tox with relief from hot bathing; it is the papular urticaria/prurigo pattern with central punctum, excoriation, crusts, and loss of sleep. In recurrent “bite-reactors,” Pulex breaks the cycle, restores sleep, and allows constitutional work (often Sulphur or Psorinum) to sustain the result. Keep the thermal polarity in front of you: < heat/bed/woollens; > cold/cool air/uncovering—when this triad is explicit, Pulex is rarely misplaced. [Clarke], [Boericke], [Allen], [Hering]