Terebinthina

A rectified volatile oil obtained by distilling the oleo-resin of various pines (chiefly Pinus spp.), then triturated/tinctured and potentised for homoeopathic use. Toxicology shows marked irritation of mucous membranes—especially urinary and intestinal—with haemorrhagic nephritis (smoky, albuminous, bloody urine), intestinal bleeding (tarry stools), and cerebral dulness in low fevers; the urine of those exposed to turpentine often smells violet-like, a classical hallmark echoed in the remedy image [Hughes], [Clarke], [Allen]. Clinically, authors emphasise urinary tract inflammation/haematuria, post-scarlatinal nephritis, typhoid/peritoneal tympanites, intestinal haemorrhage, and glossy, varnished mouth/tongue with burning soreness [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke], [Boger].

The picture is a synthesis of modest [Proving] material collated by Allen and Hering with extensive [Toxicology] and rich [Clinical] confirmations, particularly in nephritic/haemorrhagic states and typhoid peritonitis with meteorism [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke], [Hughes], [Boericke], [Boger].

Terebinthina expresses a burning, haemorrhagic irritation of mucous membranes with adynamic prostration. Its two pillars are urinary nephritis with haematuria—the urine smoky, albuminous, coffee-ground, with a peculiar scent of violets—and intestinal haemorrhage with great tympanites and peritoneal tenderness to jar, set against a background of glossy, varnished mouth and tongue [Hughes], [Clarke], [Hering]. The patient wants stillness: every movement or jar shakes the distended abdomen and kindles the burning bladder; relief is snatched after a little urine or flatus escapes, or with warmth over loins and abdomen. This thermal/kinetic economy—avoid motion, keep warm, coax discharge—threads throughout the case, tying modalities to organs with unusual clarity [Boger], [Hering].

Miasmatically coloured syphilitic–sycotic, Ter. bleeds dark and passive, petechiae bloom, and the mind sinks into dull sopor rather than fierce anxiety; compare Carbo-veg. when collapse and air-hunger dominate, and Arsenicum when anguish and burning with thirst for small sips stand foremost [Kent], [Boericke]. In post-scarlatinal nephritis, the triad—loin soreness, violet-scented smoky urine, vesical tenesmus—has long guided classical prescribers; in typhoid/peritonitis, tarry stools plus drum-tight meteorism and the glossy tongue complete the signature [Clarke], [Boger], [Hering]. Direction of cure is trustworthy: meteorism subsides, flatus becomes freer, urine clears, and the tongue loses its varnish; the patient, no longer guarding against every jar, begins to turn in bed and answers promptly. Where haemorrhage or uraemia threatens life, this remedy’s sphere is immediate; elsewhere it remains an organ-specific ally when mucosal burning and passive bleeding predominate, knit together by that unforgettable violet urine odour.

• Urinary tract (kidneys, bladder, urethra). Nephritic irritation with scanty, smoky, bloody, albuminous urine; violent vesical tenesmus; violet odour of urine—classical keynote; post-scarlatinal nephritis [Clarke], [Hughes], [Hering]. See Urinary.
• Intestines & mesentery. Tarry, black haemorrhagic stools, dysenteric oozing with great tympanites; tender peritoneum; typhoid/peritoneal states [Clarke], [Boger], [Boericke]. See Abdomen, Rectum.
• Peritoneum. Meteorism out of proportion to pain; jarring aggravates; low, adynamic fevers with distension [Boger], [Clarke]. See Abdomen, Fever.
• Mouth & tongue. Glossy, red, “varnished” tongue; vesicles/aphthae; burning mouth—mirrors mucosal irritation [Hering], [Allen]. See Mouth.
• Vasculature / blood. Haemorrhagic diathesis—passive dark oozing from mucosae; purpura/petechiae in low states [Clarke], [Boericke]. See Skin, Generalities.
• Respiratory mucosa. Irritative cough with streaked blood; bronchial rawness from vapours [Hughes], [Clarke]. See Respiration.
• Nerves (adynamia). Cerebral dulness, sopor, muttering in typhoid/uraemic states; low irritative fever [Hering], [Clarke]. See Mind, Fever.

Stupor and mental dulness predominate in the low, adynamic states—patient answers slowly, wanders, or lies indifferent, roused only by visceral urgencies (urine, tenesmus) [Clarke], [Hering]. Anxiety centres in the lower trunk: a fretfulness from burning bladder and distended abdomen, aggravated by the least jar, tallies with the modality “worse from motion/jar” [Boger]. In typhoid-like conditions there is muttering delirium, sordes on lips, and a heavy, besotted face with cold, distended belly—an image that often directs the prescriber when haemorrhagic stools are present [Clarke], [Boericke]. Irritability escalates before unsuccessful efforts to urinate; after a few smoky drops the patient relapses into stupefaction [Hering]. Fear of internal bleeding may be voiced in clearer moments, but the dominant tone is irritable prostration rather than vivid anguish (contrast Ars.) [Clarke], [Farrington]. The mind grows clearer in the open air and when vesical/abdominal tension is partially relieved (after passing urine/flatus), cross-linking to the ameliorations already noted [Boger], [Hering].

Restless from abdominal tension and vesical tenesmus; every movement jars and renews pain—patient lies like a log to avoid motion [Boger]. Dozes into sopor, then starts with urging to urinate or colic; falls back dull and indifferent [Hering]. Heat of bed aggravates mouth and head, yet chill follows exposure (capricious surface circulation) [Hering]. Dreams confused; muttering in sleep during typhoid state [Clarke]. After haemorrhagic stools some refreshing sleep may come if distension abates (direction of relief) [Clarke]. The need for stillness and quiet underscores the modality pattern [Boger].

Confused, anxious, of accidents and of being unable to pass urine; wakes with urging and burning [Hering]. Dreams of crowding rooms and pressure on abdomen (symbolic of tympanites); sighs on waking [Clarke]. Nightmare with sense of suffocation when meteorism restricts diaphragm [Boger]. Fragments only—state is chiefly soporous [Hering].

A remedy of haemorrhagic mucosal inflammation and adynamic states: urinary (nephritic haematuria, post-scarlatinal), intestinal (tarry stools, dysenteric oozing) with great tympanites and peritoneal tenderness to jar; burning, glossy mouth/tongue stands as a striking concomitant [Clarke], [Hering], [Boericke]. Worse motion/jar, night, warm bed, pressure over bladder, spirits/coffee, and chill of abdomen; better warmth over abdomen/loins, stillness, small warm sips, passing urine/flatus, and cool, still air for head [Boger], [Hering], [Clarke]. The violet odour of urine is the keynote clincher when present [Hughes], [Allen]. The systemic tendency is to passive, dark haemorrhages, petechiae, and prostration, with mental dulness rather than anxiety (contrast Ars.) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Direction of cure is shown by lessened meteorism, freer flatus/urine, lighter stools, and a mouth/tongue less varnished [Hering], [Clarke].

Adynamic low fever with great tympanites, sordes, muttering; heat of head, cold extremities; alternating flushes and chill [Clarke], [Boericke]. The pulse small, compressible; haemorrhagic stools or urinary bleeding mark the period of danger [Clarke]. Sweats are late and often cold; relief slight unless abdominal tension lessens [Hering]. Fever worse at night, in warm bed, and from motion; better cool, still air [Hering]. Tongue remains red, smooth, glossy—contrasting with the thick coatings of Baptisia [Clarke]. The fever image is inseparable from abdomen/urinary signs and should not be prescribed on fever alone [Boger].

Chill: From slight uncovering, with drum-like abdomen and desire for absolute quiet; shivering hurts [Boger].
Heat: Head and face hot; burning mouth/tongue; body relatively cool; heat increases vesical/abdominal unrest [Hering].
Sweat: Cold, clammy in collapse; otherwise scant, with little relief until discharges lessen and flatus passes [Clarke].

Heaviness of head with dull, compressive ache across forehead in low fevers; face pale or dusky; head symptoms ebb and flow with abdominal distension [Clarke], [Boericke]. Heat of head with cold extremities accompanies violent tympanites (peritoneal reflex) [Boger]. Vertigo on sitting up during haemorrhagic diarrhoea; sinks back listless—adynamia [Hering]. Occipital weight in uraemic states when urine is scanty, smoky, and albuminous [Clarke], [Hughes]. Eyes half-closed, listless, with conjunctival injection in toxic cases [Hering]. Headache relieved slightly by cool, still air and aggravated by the stuffy heat of bed [Hering].

Injected conjunctivae in low septic states; lids heavy, bluish beneath [Clarke]. Pupils sluggish when uraemia threatens; photophobia slight [Hering]. Subconjunctival haemorrhages and petechiae may appear in haemorrhagic diathesis [Clarke]. Flickering vision before haemorrhagic stools [Allen]. Smarting lachrymation from vapours of turpentine (toxicology) [Hughes]. Eyes feel hot while the body is chilly—vascular imbalance [Hering].

Dull hearing as stupor deepens; buzzing in ears in uraemic or haemorrhagic weakness [Clarke]. Earache, darting, with tender parotid region in low fevers (rare) [Hering]. Ears intolerant of jar in peritoneal states—the resonance aggravates abdominal pain [Boger].

Epistaxis of dark blood in adynamic fevers; oozing relieves dull head temporarily [Clarke]. Nostrils sore; mucosa raw with burning (general mucous irritability) [Hering]. Sense of smell perverted in uraemic cases; odours nauseate [Clarke]. Nose cold to touch while head feels hot in tympanites [Boger].

Earthy, sallow or dusky; lips with sordes; expression heavy and indifferent [Clarke], [Boericke]. Flushing comes in waves with abdominal tension; slightest motion increases facial anxiety [Boger]. Cheeks sunken in prolonged diarrhoeal bleeding; lower jaw drops during sopor [Hering]. Perioral vesicles or cracks may develop in the burning mouth state [Allen].

Burning soreness of mouth and tongue, as if scalded; tongue red, smooth, glossy (“varnished”), or with raw, aphthous patches; taste bitter or offensive; salivation scant and hot [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke]. Vesicles on tongue and buccal mucosa are tender; swallowing irritates the fauces (mucosal inflammation thread) [Hering]. Breath fetid in typhoid/haemorrhagic enteritis [Clarke]. Mouth and tongue burn more in warm room/bed; cool sips momentarily soothe—chiming with Better bland warm/cool liquids in sips [Hering]. Gums may ooze dark blood in the haemorrhagic constitution [Clarke]. The mouth picture often accompanies urinary and intestinal irritation and helps anchor the selection [Boericke].

Tooth margins sensitive in the hot, raw mouth state; gums spongy and bleed easily on slight touch [Clarke], [Hering]. Toothache is not a keynote but appears with general mucosal irritability; heat aggravates local soreness [Allen]. Teeth feel elongated during fevers; pressure resented [Hering]. Fetor oris from intestinal bleeding adds to oral discomfort [Clarke].

Burning down the fauces with rawness; swallowing causes a scraping pain; posterior pharynx looks bright red and varnished like the tongue [Hering], [Allen]. Constant desire to sip to moisten heat-dry membranes (small quantities better tolerated) [Clarke]. Tenacious mucus slight; more often the surfaces are denuded and smarting [Hering]. In severe states, deglutition fatigues the patient and provokes abdominal soreness by motion [Boger].

Raw, burning trachea; cough with blood-streaked sputum from vapour exposure or haemorrhagic tendency [Hughes], [Clarke]. Oppression from abdominal distension; cannot take a deep breath without jarring pain below [Boger]. Pleuritic stitches sympathetic with peritoneal irritation (viscero-visceral reflex) [Clarke]. Heat in chest while body chills—vascular lability [Hering]. Haemoptysis small, dark, passive when it occurs, echoing the diathesis [Clarke].

Palpitation on the least movement during tympanites; the jar of the pulse is felt in the abdomen [Boger]. Pulse small, compressible, sometimes intermittent in haemorrhagic prostration [Clarke]. Precordial anxiety from abdominal distension rather than primary cardiac disease; rests quietly to lessen jar [Hering]. Heart sounds soft in adynamic fevers; face dusky [Clarke]. Palpitation worse in warm bed, better in cool, still air (minor) [Hering].

Short breath from upward pressure of the distended abdomen; sighing respiration when trying to keep still [Boger]. Cough provokes abdominal pain; patient suppresses cough, increasing oppression (vicious circle) [Clarke]. Air hunger appears with intestinal bleeding and anaemia; Carbo-veg. may be required if collapse ensues—Ter. when haemorrhagic/urinary picture persists [Boericke], [Kent]. Rawness of larynx/trachea after inhaling vapours [Hughes].

Nausea with burning from mouth to epigastrium; retching after small quantities of food; stomach feels raw [Hering], [Clarke]. Eructations offensive; vomiting of dark or coffee-ground material may appear in haemorrhagic diathesis [Allen], [Clarke]. Pressure in epigastrium aggravates tympanites; least jar hurts [Boger]. Thirst variable; desires frequent small sips rather than draughts [Hering]. Aversion to alcohol/coffee in acute phases (aggravations noted under Modalities) [Hughes]. Epigastric region sensitive to motion and percussion in typhoid/peritonitis [Clarke].

A leading sphere. Great tympanites with disproportionate pain; the abdomen is drum-like, exquisitely sensitive to jar (bed shakes, carriage motion), and the patient dreads movement; yet flatus is scant and difficult to pass [Boger], [Clarke]. Right iliac fossa and pericecal region are tender in enteric states; deep pressure excites cutting [Clarke]. Burning, griping colic with a sense of rawness through the intestines; better for warmth and for lying with knees drawn up (reducing peritoneal tension) [Hering], [Boger]. Mesenteric congestion accompanies haemorrhagic stools; the patient grows pale, faint, and cold [Clarke]. Rumbling is subdued by the peritoneal tension; when flatus escapes a little, there is transient relief (cross-link Better passing flatus) [Boger]. The abdominal picture is a constant companion to the urinary and rectal spheres in Ter. cases [Clarke], [Boericke].

Haemorrhagic enteritis/dysentery: stools tarry, black, or dark, offensive; sometimes mucous-bloody oozing with great prostration; tenesmus not always proportionate to the bleeding (more passive) [Clarke], [Boericke]. Burning in rectum and anus after stool; rawness as if the mucosa were denuded [Hering]. In typhoid/peritonitis the stools may be few but black, with increasing meteorism and sopor—an ominous picture in which Ter. has earned clinical repute [Clarke], [Boger]. Haemorrhoids bleed darkly and smart; warmth relieves soreness [Boericke]. Offensive flatus and stool accompany intestinal bleeding; odour heavy and septic [Clarke]. After stool, faintness and sinking oblige the patient to lie very still—motion renews abdominal distress (modal cross-reference) [Boger].

Central and characteristic. Burning, cutting nephritic pains with scanty, smoky, coffee-ground, bloody, often albuminous urine; the urine smells of violets—a classic toxicologic and clinical keynote for Ter. [Hughes], [Clarke], [Allen]. Violent vesical tenesmus with constant urging; only a few drops escape, accompanied by scalding and a sense of rawness from kidney to urethra [Hering], [Boericke]. Post-scarlatinal nephritis with oedema, dark urine, and loin soreness repeatedly responds in the Ter. sphere (compare Canth., Apis) [Clarke], [Boger]. Pressure over the bladder increases intolerable desire yet excites burning; warmth over loins/abdomen soothes (modalities echoed) [Hering]. Urine may contain epithelial casts and albumen; sediment dark and granular (“coffee-grounds”) [Clarke], [Hughes]. Haematuria follows exposure to turpentine vapours in workers—[Toxicology] turned [Clinical] indication [Hughes], [Clarke].

Aversion to alcohol and coffee (aggravate mucosal irritation) [Hughes], [Clarke]. Desires small sips of bland liquids; larger draughts excite gastric/abdominal distress [Hering]. Cold water may chill abdomen and worsen cramps; warm tasteless drinks calm [Clarke]. Little appetite; nausea from food odours [Allen]. After haemorrhage, cravings are minimal and should not guide prescribing [Clarke].

Male

Burning urethral pains extend to glans; erections painful in urethral inflammation (congestive irritation) [Hering]. Prostate feels swollen and hot during cystitis; tenesmus urinae excites rectal spasm [Clarke]. Haematospermia may attend haemorrhagic diathesis (rare but noted) [Allen]. Scrotum sensitive in bed; warmth both soothes and aggravates by increasing vascularity—net effect is relief when the bladder is quieted [Hering]. Loin pains run into spermatic cords in renal irritation [Clarke]. Sexual desire is subdued by adynamia and burning discomfort [Boericke].

Urethral burning synchronous with vesical tenesmus; urine scant, smoky [Hering]. Uterine bleeding of dark, passive character in haemorrhagic constitutions, especially with intestinal bleeding (systemic tendency) [Clarke]. Dysuria in pregnancy with burning and violet-scented urine points to Ter. [Clinical]. Ovarian dragging worsens the urge to urinate by pelvic congestion [Hering]. Leucorrhoea may become excoriating during cystitis [Allen]. Labour-like abdominal pains with tympanites around menses in anaemic women (rare) [Clarke].

Aching and soreness in loins/kidneys, worse jar and pressure; warmth soothes [Hering]. Sensation as if kidneys were bruised; pain radiates along ureters to bladder [Clarke]. Sacral weariness after haemorrhagic stools [Boericke]. Backache compels flexed posture to quiet peritoneum [Boger]. In post-scarlatinal nephritis, lumbar sensitiveness is marked [Clarke].

Cold hands and feet with hot head in tympanites; bluish nails in haemorrhagic prostration [Clarke]. Bruised soreness in thighs from lying still; jar aggravates [Boger]. Oedema of ankles in renal states [Clarke]. Petechiae on legs in haemorrhagic diathesis (see Skin) [Boericke]. Tremulous weakness after smallest effort [Hering].

Purpura/petechiae and easy oozing in haemorrhagic constitutions; ecchymoses after slight knocks [Clarke], [Boericke]. Surface often dry and hot in bed; sweat scant until collapse [Hering]. Burning, smarting eruptions small and scattered, worse warmth [Allen]. In low fevers, skin dusky with mottling; bed-sores form easily [Clarke]. The cutaneous signs mirror the blood/vascular tendency and guide the prescriber in adynamic states [Boericke].

Urinary—haematuria/nephritis/tenesmus

• Cantharis: Intolerable burning cut-by-drop, constant urging with intense rawness; less haemorrhagic diathesis; no violet urine odour. Ter. is more haemorrhagic, adynamic, with smoky/albuminous urine and violet scent [Hering], [Clarke].
• Apis: Oedema, scant urine, stinging; thirstless, worse heat; less bleeding; Ter. shows passive haematuria and burning mouth/tongue [Boericke], [Clarke].
• Sarsaparilla: Pain at end of micturition; gravel; not typically smoky/albuminous; no tympanites picture [Boger].
• Pareira brava: Must go on all-fours to pass urine; pain radiates down thighs; less haemorrhagic and less “violet urine” keynote [Clarke].
• Phosphorus: Bright red haematuria with burning and thirst for cold; bleeding diathesis; but abdomen less tympanitic; mouth not “varnished” [Kent], [Clarke].
• Merc-cor.: Dysenteric urine/rectum picture with tenesmus and albuminuria; sharper corrosive pains; Ter. more passive bleeding, violet odour [Hering], [Clarke].

Intestinal haemorrhage / typhoid–peritonitis with meteorism

• Baptisia: Profound sepsis, stupor, offensive stools, early tongue brown coat; less glossy-red tongue; Ter. has tarry bleeding with extreme tympanites and jar-aggravation [Clarke], [Boger].
• Carbo-veg.: Tympanites with collapse, air-hunger, desires to be fanned; less haemorrhagic stool; Ter. is more haemorrhagic with burning mouth [Kent], [Boericke].
• Colchicum: Abdomen distended, odour of food intolerable; profuse watery stools; less haemorrhagic; Ter. emphasises black bleeding and urinary signs [Boger].
• Hamamelis: Venous haemorrhage, passive dark oozing; lacks tympanitic peritonitis motif and violet urine [Clarke].
• Secale: Passive haemorrhages with coldness, craving cold; stools putrid; but Ter. has burning mouth, violet urine, and post-scarlatinal kidney link [Clarke], [Boger].

Mouth/tongue (glossy, varnished)

• Arum-t.: Raw, bleeding mouth in scarlatina with picking at lips; less urinary bleeding; more excoriation of nares/lips [Hering], [Clarke].
• Merc-sol.: Profuse saliva, flabby tongue with imprints; ulcers; not the smooth, bright-red “varnish” of Ter. [Allen], [Clarke].
• Kali-bi.: Punched-out, circumscribed patches; stringy mucus; Ter. has uniform glossy denudation and haemorrhagic bowels [Hering], [Clarke].

• Complementary: Canth.—in acute urinary fires; Canth. may open the case; Ter. completes when haematuria/albuminuria persist with adynamia [Hering], [Clarke].
• Complementary: Hamamelis—to restrain passive venous oozing alongside Ter.’s mucosal sphere [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Follows well: Ars. after anxious, burning sepsis subsides yet haemorrhagic bowels/urine remain with glossy mouth [Hering].
• Follows well: Apis in post-scarlatinal renal states when oedema recedes but smoky haematuria and burning vesical tenesmus continue [Clarke].
• Precedes well: China to restore after severe losses once bleeding is checked (anaemia, flatulence) [Clarke], [Dewey].
• Compare: Bapt., Carb-v., Colch., Phos., Secale as above.
• Antidotes (functional): Camph. for over-reaction to volatile oils; Nux-v. when coffee/alcohol aggravations predominate [Hering], [Clarke].

• Indications: Post-scarlatinal nephritis with haematuria (smoky, albuminous urine, violet odour); cystitis with violent tenesmus and burning; intestinal haemorrhage with tarry stools and great tympanites in typhoid/peritonitis; glossy red tongue and burning mouth accompanying urinary/bowel states; purpura/petechiae with mucosal bleeding [Clarke], [Hering], [Boericke], [Boger].
• Potency & dosing: For acute urinary/intestinal bleeding many use 3X–6C in short, frequent doses initially; where the constitutional pattern is clear, 30C–200C has classical support (space as reaction shows). In adynamic fevers, give and wait for reduction in meteorism and bleeding before repeating; intercurrent Hamamelis or China may assist according to losses and tone [Hering], [Clarke], [Dewey].
• Adjuncts: Warmth to loins/abdomen, absolute stillness, broad abdominal binder (if tolerated), small sips of bland liquids; avoid spirits/coffee; prompt medical management for severe haemorrhage/renal compromise while remedy acts [Clarke], [Boger].
• Pearls:
  • Violet-scented, smoky urine + loin soreness after scarlatina—Ter. restored flow and colour as tenesmus eased [Clarke], [Hering].
  • Tympanitic abdomen with black stools in a typhoid patient—motion intolerable; Ter. reduced meteorism and bleeding as tongue lost its varnish [Boger], [Clarke].
  • Cystitis with violent urging—only drops passed, scalding; urine coffee-ground sediment—rapid relief under Ter. with warmth and rest [Boericke], [Allen].

Mind

• Stupor; answers slowly; muttering in low fevers. — Adynamia hallmark [Clarke], [Hering].
• Irritability from vesical tenesmus. — Urge-pain drives temper [Hering].
• Anxiety about internal bleeding. — Haemorrhagic tendency [Clarke].
• Indifference; lies still, dreads movement. — Jar aggravates [Boger].
• Delirium, typhoid, with abdominal distension. — Enteric states [Clarke].
• Better in open air (mind clearer). — Small amelioration [Hering].

Mouth / Tongue

• Tongue, red, smooth, glossy (“varnished”). — Striking keynote [Hering], [Clarke].
• Mouth, burning as if scalded; vesicles, aphthae. — Mucosal irritation [Allen], [Hering].
• Taste, offensive/bitter in adynamic fevers. — Septic taint [Clarke].
• Gums bleed dark, passive. — Haemorrhagic diathesis [Clarke].
• Throat raw, scraping on swallowing. — Continuity of mucosa [Hering].

Stomach / Abdomen

• Abdomen, tympanites, extreme sensibility to jar/motion. — Peritoneal sign [Boger], [Clarke].
• Colic, burning, better warmth, knees drawn up. — Peritoneal tension [Hering].
• Ileo-cecal region sore in enteric states. — Typhoid locus [Clarke].
• Nausea/retching with raw stomach. — Irritative gastritis [Hering].
• Rumbling scant; flatus difficult; slight relief when passed. — Dynamic of meteorism [Boger].

Rectum / Stool

• Stool, black, tarry; haemorrhagic enteritis. — Keynote [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Dysentery, dark oozing with great prostration. — Passive bleeding [Clarke].
• Burning in rectum/anus after stool. — Mucosal rawness [Hering].
• Haemorrhoids, bleeding dark, passive. — Venous oozing [Boericke].
• Faintness after stool; must lie still. — Adynamic sink [Boger].

Urinary

• Urine, smoky; coffee-ground sediment; albuminous. — Nephritic bleeding [Clarke], [Hughes].
• Urine, odour of violets. — Classical keynote [Hughes], [Allen].
• Haematuria, post-scarlatinal nephritis. — Clinical sphere [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Tenesmus vesicae, violent; only drops; burning. — Urethro-vesical fire [Hering].
• Kidney region sore; pain along ureters to bladder. — Tract irritation [Clarke].
• Pressure over bladder aggravates urging. — Modality [Hering].

Respiration / Chest

• Cough, blood-streaked, from vapours/irritation. — Toxicology→clinical [Hughes], [Clarke].
• Oppression from distended abdomen; cannot take deep breath. — Peritoneal–thoracic link [Boger].
• Larynx/trachea raw; burning. — Mucosal trait [Hughes].

Skin

• Purpura; petechiae with mucosal bleeding. — Haemorrhagic state [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Ecchymoses from slight knocks. — Fragile vessels [Clarke].
• Bed-sores in low fevers. — Adynamia [Clarke].
• Burning smarting eruptions; warmth aggravates. — Irritative surface [Allen].

Generalities / Fever

• Haemorrhagic diathesis; passive dark oozing. — Systemic tenor [Clarke].
• Adynamic fever with tympanites; muttering, sordes. — Enteric picture [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Worse motion/jar; better warmth and absolute rest. — Modal axis [Boger], [Hering].
• Prostration out of proportion to losses. — Collapse tendency [Clarke].
• Spherical guidance: urinary + intestinal + glossy tongue. — Remedy signature [Clarke], [Hering].

Hahnemann — Materia Medica Pura (1821–34): methodological benchmark; comparative pointers among haemorrhagic remedies.
Hering — The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica (1879–91): burning mouth/tongue (“varnished”), urinary tenesmus, adynamic states, modalities.
Allen, T. F. — Encyclopaedia of Pure Materia Medica (1874–79): proving/toxicology collation—violet urine odour, coffee-ground urinary sediment, mucosal burning.
Hughes, R. — A Manual of Pharmacodynamics (1875): toxicology of turpentine; nephritis/haematuria; respiratory irritation; clinical rationale of affinities.
Clarke, J. H. — A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica (1900): core clinical portrait—post-scarlatinal nephritis, haemorrhagic stools with meteorism, glossy tongue, modalities.
Boericke, W. — Pocket Manual of Homœopathic Materia Medica (1901): keynotes—urinary haemorrhage, tarry stools, adynamic typhoid/peritonitis.
Boger, C. M. — Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica (1915): modalities (worse jar/motion; better warmth/rest), tympanites disproportion, enteric–peritoneal indications.
Kent, J. T. — Lectures on Homœopathic Materia Medica (1905) & Repertory: comparative haemorrhagic/tympanitic states—Carbo-veg., Arsenicum, Phosphorus.
Dewey, W. A. — Practical Homœopathic Therapeutics (1901): haemorrhage management; China/Hamamelis relationships.
Farrington, E. A. — Clinical Materia Medica (1887): differentials—Ars., Phos., Canth.; organ-sphere emphasis.
Phatak, S. R. — Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Medicines (1977): concise urinary/intestinal keynotes; modalities.
Tyler, M. L. — Homœopathic Drug Pictures (1942): commentary on haemorrhagic diathesis and mucosal burning in Ter.