Glonoinum

Prepared by potentising nitroglycerin, the nitric ester of glycerol. Pharmacologically, nitroglycerin is a powerful arterial and arteriolar dilator; toxic and proving data converge on sudden vascular storms marked by explosive throbbing of head and arteries, flushed face, pulsation synchronous with the heart, nausea, vertigo, palpitations, and collapse-feelings under heat (sun, hot rooms, radiant heat) with quick relief from cold (air, water, applications, uncovering) [Hering], [Allen], [Hughes], [Clarke], [Boericke], [Boger], [Nash], [Tyler].

Robust provings, occupational poisonings, and abundant clinical confirmations: sunstroke/heat-stroke, bursting pulsating headaches, carotid pounding, hot head with cold extremities, confusion of locality (gets lost in familiar places), cannot bear hats or tight collars, palpitations and fear the heart or head will burst, instant relief from cold, open air, and uncovering the head [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke], [Boericke], [Nash], [Tyler], [Hughes].

Essence: Explosive arterial congestion set off by heat, instantly calmed by cold. Think Glonoinum when sun/heat precipitates a bursting, pulsating head, carotids hammer, face flushes, palpitations surge, the head feels enormous and cannot bear hat/collar/covering, and the patient rushes to cold air or ice with prompt palliation. The mind wanders—gets lost on familiar streets—while the storm rages. Use in sunstroke and its sequelae, climacteric flushes, hypertensive surges, and heat-provoked angina when the heat–cold polarity and jar–rest mechanics are unequivocal [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke], [Boger], [Nash], [Tyler], [Hughes].

• Cerebral vasculature and meninges. Congestive, pulsating, bursting cephalalgia; sunstroke; photophobia; jar aggravates; cold to head relieves [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Heart and great arteries. Palpitations, bounding pulse, hypertensive surges, angina worse heat, exertion, emotion; fear of apoplexy/rupture [Hughes], [Boger], [Clarke].
• Vaso-motor system (climacteric). Menopausal flushes that rush to head and face with throb; open air and cold desired [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Eyes. Sunlight glare provokes throbbing, blackness on rising, pulsation in and behind eyes [Hering], [Allen].
• Neck/throat. Cannot bear tight collars, scarves; pulsation felt in throat; choking from constriction [Boericke], [Clarke].
• Occiput/vertex. Explosive throbs; every step jars the brain (carriage/train aggravation) [Nash], [Clarke].
• Skin/face. Burning flush, hot sweat of head/face alternating with pallor and faintness [Clarke], [Boger].

Confusion of locality: gets lost in familiar streets, misnames places, or cannot orient in well-known rooms during the vascular storm [Clarke], [Allen]. Irritable, impatient, oversensitive to light, sound, and heat about the head. Alarm that something will burst in the head or heart; anxiety with palpitations and surges [Boericke], [Clarke]. Needs quiet, open air, head high; movement worsens though restlessness may be felt internally (fear-driven) [Tyler]. Speech stumbles; wrong-word choice (transient vascular aphasia) [Clarke].

Cannot sleep in a warm room or with head covered; repeatedly throws off coverings from the head; wakes with bursting, carotid throbs after dozing in warmth (rebound) [Clarke], [Tyler]. Best sleep with window open, room cool, head high, dark and quiet. Dreams of sun, fire, crowds, stifling halls; wakes pounding, anxious, drives for cold air and cold water [Tyler]. Naps in a cool, dark setting may shorten a storm if heat exposure ceases [Nash].

Being lost in familiar places (echoes confusion of locality), scorching sunlight, blinding glare, crowded rooms with bad air; waking hot, throbbing, and seeking open cold air [Clarke], [Tyler].

Organising polarity: Heat vs Cold. Heat (sun, hot rooms, radiant sources) triggers arterial explosions—pounding head, carotid hammering, palpitations, spatial confusion—while cold (air, water, applications) rapidly restores equilibrium [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke].
Mechanical polarity: Rest vs Jar. Jar, stepping, riding, bending aggravate; absolute quiet with head elevated soothes (compare Bryonia, which needs stillness but lacks the imperative cold) [Nash], [Clarke].
Spatial polarity: Hot head, cold extremities is textbook.
Climacteric surges and hypertensive storms suit Glonoinum when heat-triggers and cold-relief are unequivocal. Differentiate from Belladonna (high fever, furious congestion, less cold craving), Lachesis (worse after sleep, left-sided, toxic venous tone, talkative jealousy), Sanguinaria (right-sided with gastric elements and relief by vomiting), Natrum carbonicum (chronic sun intolerance without explosive throbbing), Gelsemium (dull, drowsy, droopy—not pounding), and Bryonia (brow-splitting, dry, thirsty for large draughts, not a sunstroke core) [Farrington], [Clarke], [Boger], [Boericke], [Nash], [Tyler].

Not an infective fever remedy. Flush paroxysms: sudden heat of head/face with sweat, palpitations, then weakness—a vaso-motor cycle, not sustained pyrexia [Clarke], [Boericke].

Chill: cold extremities with hot head. Heat: burning scalp/face, throbbing carotids, cannot bear covering or heat. Sweat: head/face most; sometimes cold sweat with faintness; perspiration does not relieve unless cool air is reached [Hering], [Clarke], [Boericke].

Cardinal sphere. Bursting, hammering, pulsating headache as if the head would explode; pulses beat in every part, carotids throb visibly [Hering], [Allen]. Sensation as if head enormously large; waves of blood surge upward—patient grasps head or tears off hat, craves cold [Clarke]. Sunstroke and after-effects: hot head, cold limbs, giddiness, vomiting, photophobia, delirium, collapse; cold to head gives immediate relief, heat renews suffering [Hering], [Tyler]. Worse: sun, warm rooms, stooping, jar, stepping, tight headgear, after sleep, alcohol; better: cold, uncovering, fresh air, head elevated, dark quiet [Clarke], [Boericke], [Nash]. Menopausal surges with explosive throbbing and fear of apoplexy (contrast Lachesis and Sanguinaria) [Clarke], [Boger]. Vertex and temporal beats; occipital shocks; every step jars the brain [Nash]. Epistaxis may relieve [Clarke].

Photophobia; sun-glare unbearable; blackness before eyes on rising; objects waver with the pulse; conjunctiva injected; pulsation in and around eyes [Hering], [Clarke], [Tyler]. Cold compress indispensable in attacks [Tyler].

Roaring, throbbing synchronous with pulse; noise aggravates; a subjective rush of blood in ears [Clarke], [Boericke]. Sudden deafness during a wave, clearing with coolness and quiet (transient) [Allen].

Epistaxis as a natural vent for congestion—often assuages headache; odours and close air are oppressive [Clarke], [Boericke].

Flushed, burning, sometimes sweaty; alternation with pallor and faintness; veins distended; anxious, excited or bewildered expression in heat [Clarke], [Boger].

Dry heat in mouth; tongue feels too large (vascular turgor); thirst for cold sips; wine and spirit aggravate pulsation [Clarke], [Allen]. Toothache and jaw throbbing in hot rooms [Boericke].

Pulsating toothache < heat, > cold water/cold air; little to no caries keynote—vascular not septic [Clarke].

Pulsation in throat; choking from tight collars; swallowing jars the head; cannot bear anything about the neck [Boericke], [Clarke].

Oppression with palpitations and throbbing up the neck; must loosen clothes; worse heat, better cool air, rest, head high [Clarke], [Boericke]. Pulses hammer against sternum [Boger].

Bounding, irregular pulse; palpitation with fear of bursting; angina or precordial pain worse heat/exertion/emotion, better rest, cold air, cold sips [Hughes], [Clarke], [Boericke]. Hypertensive surges with throbbing temples [Boger].

Short, sighing in hot rooms; air-hunger for cold air; face covering intolerable; fan craved [Clarke], [Tyler]. Deep breaths may jar head during attack [Nash].

Nausea with cerebral congestion; vomiting in sunstroke; gastralgia is secondary—nausea is vascular and heat-driven; craves cold [Hering], [Clarke], [Tyler].

Throbbing aorta felt when lying; epigastric heat during flush; not a primary colic remedy [Clarke].

Tendency to constipation in hot weather and sedentary states; straining aggravates head-throb—avoid in crises [Clarke]. No specific rectal pathology keynotes.

Scant urine during surges; increases as head clears; occasional burning heat on passage (general vascular heat reflection) [Clarke].

Worse: alcohol, hot drinks/foods, spices (flush rekindled). Better: cold water (sips), ice to head; desires cold rather than specific foods during attack [Clarke], [Boericke].

Angina worse sun/heat or exertion; left arm ache may accompany; sexual excitement can provoke head throb in heat-sensitive types [Clarke].

Climacteric flushes: sudden heat mounting to head/face, violent throbbing, palpitations, fear of apoplexy; cannot endure tight clothing; better open air/cold [Clarke], [Boger], [Boericke]. Menstrual headaches dominated by heat–throb polarity [Clarke].

Nape stiffness with head throbbing; cold packs to nape helpful; lumbar pulsation felt supine [Tyler], [Clarke].

Cold hands/feet with hot congested head; throbbing into fingers; weakness and fear to move lest head explode; stepping shakes brain [Clarke], [Nash].

Sun-intolerant; easy sunburn; burning of face/scalp with sweat; alternates with pallor and cool clamminess in faint turns [Clarke], [Tyler].

Acute congestive–pulsatile headaches / sun

• Belladonna — Sudden inflammation and high fever, brilliant eyes, hot skin, delirium; less cold craving; not so clearly sun-provoked. Glon.: heat/sun causation, cold instantly relieves, confusion of locality [Clarke], [Farrington].
• Sanguinaria — Right-sided, periodic, > vomiting and sleep; hot flushes; more gastric tie. Glon.: any side, throb from heat, cold palliates at once [Nash], [Clarke].
• Natrum carbonicum — Sun-headache with exhaustion and depression; throbbing less violent. Glon.: acute arterial storm [Clarke].
• Gelsemium — Dull, heavy, droopy state; not bursting, throbbing. Glon.: pounding, carotids hammer [Farrington].
• Bryonia — Worse least motion, > pressure, thirst for large draughts; not specifically sun/heat causation; cold head desire less absolute [Boger].

Vaso-motor flush / climacteric

• Lachesis — Cannot bear tight clothes, worse after sleep, left bias, talkative; venous–toxic. Glon.: heat drives arterial surges; cold imperative [Kent], [Clarke].
• Amyl nitrite — Sudden flush, throbbing, choking, but short, explosive bouts; less settled Materia Medica breadth. Glon.: fuller head and sun picture [Hughes].
• Sepia — Flushes with pelvic stasis; emotional flattening; exercise may help; lacks cold-on-head keynote [Clarke].

Angina / cardio-arterial

• Spigelia — Sharp neuralgic precordial pains, left arm, palpitations; less heat trigger. Glon.: heat/exertion trigger, cold rest relief [Clarke].
• Cactus — Constricting band around heart, oppression; not specifically sun/heat. Glon.: vascular surge with head throbs [Boger].
• Aurum — Profound depression with cardiopathy; less heat–cold polarity. Glon.: acute vaso-motor storms [Clarke].

Sunstroke / heat emergencies

• Aconite — Shock, fear of death during exposure; early stage. Glon.: when throbbing, flush, photophobia dominate after or during heat [Clarke], [Tyler].
• Veratrum viride — Arterial excitement, greenish pallor, nausea; cold-relief less decisive. Glon.: cold is the signature [Hughes].

• Complementary: Aconite (initial sun-shock; Glon. for subsequent vascular storm), Sanguinaria (periodic/right-sided echo), Gelsemium (dull sequel after storm), Lachesis (climacteric layer with neck intolerance), Natrum carbonicum (chronic sun intolerance between attacks) [Clarke], [Nash], [Boger], [Boericke].
• Follows well: Nux vomica after stimulant excess when the state turns heat–throb; Aconite after panic settles but pulsation remains [Clarke], [Farrington].
• Precedes well: Gelsemium for post-sunstroke drowsy heaviness; Nat-carb. for sun-susceptibility prophylaxis [Clarke], [Boericke].
• Related (chemical congeners): Amyl nitrite, Nitric acid, Veratrum viride—arterial flush–throb sphere [Hughes], [Clarke].
• Antidotes/Notes: Immediate cooling, uncover head, loosen clothing, quiet dark room, gradual rewarming only when safe; avoid alcohol and heat sources [Tyler], [Clarke].
• Inimical: None fixed; avoid indiscriminate alternation with multiple headache remedies without a clear picture shift [Boger].

• Congestive headaches — bursting, pulsating headaches with flushed face, throbbing carotids, and sense of expansion; often from heat of sun, overheating, or suppressed perspiration [Clarke], [Hering].
• Sun-stroke / sun-headache — a leading remedy for acute effects of sun exposure; intense throbbing, confusion, vertigo, and heat in head, with cold extremities [Allen], [Boericke].
• Vertigo from heat or exertion — especially in aged persons with high blood pressure or tendency to apoplexy [Kent].
• Cardiac congestion and palpitation — fullness, bounding pulse, throbbing in chest and head; sometimes used as an organ remedy in angina facsimile [Clarke].
• Flushing and menopausal disorders — flushes of heat, throbbing headaches, palpitation, worse warmth and excitement [Hughes].
• Cerebral congestion — sudden rush of blood to head with loss of consciousness, stupefaction, or confusion; patient must lie down [Hering].
• Modalities — worse sun, heat, warm room, lying with head low, excitement, alcohol; better cold applications, open air, head high [Boericke].
• Potency guidance — low potencies (2X–6X) and even crude tincture in physiological doses for acute congestions; medium to high potencies (30C, 200C) in headaches and menopausal flushes [Clarke].
• Relationships — complements Belladonna in sun and congestive headaches; antidotes ill effects of heat and alcoholic excess [Kent].

Case Pearls

• Sun-stroke with delirium — A labourer exposed to midday sun fell unconscious, face flushed, carotids throbbing, body cold. Glonoinum 6X restored consciousness and relieved headache [Hering].
• Headache after heat exposure — A woman suffered violent bursting headache after ironing in hot kitchen; face hot, feet cold. Glonoinum 30C cured within hours [Clarke].
• Hypertensive headache — An elderly man with high arterial tension had throbbing, congestive headache, worse lying down. Glonoinum 200C relieved, lowering the risk of apoplexy [Kent].
• Menopausal flushes — A middle-aged woman had hot flushes, throbbing head, palpitation, and restlessness. Glonoinum 30C taken nightly gave lasting relief [Hughes].
• School-girl headache — A young girl developed violent, throbbing headaches from sun and exertion during play, with nausea and confusion. Glonoinum 6C cured quickly [Allen].

Mind

• Confusion of locality; gets lost on familiar streets.
• Anxiety that head/heart will burst.
• Irritable, noise and contradiction aggravate.
• Oversensitive to light/sound/heat.
• Desires open air; cannot bear close, hot rooms.
• Speech slips; wrong words during surges.

Head

• Headache, congestive, pulsating, bursting; sun/heat aggravates.
• Pulsation synchronous with heart; carotids throb.
• Head feels large, expanding; waves of blood to head.
• Worse: jar, stepping, riding, stooping, after sleep, tight hats.
• Better: cold applications, uncovering, head high, open air, darkness.
• Sunstroke, after-effects; epistaxis relieves.

Eyes

• Photophobia; sun-glare intolerable.
• Blackness before eyes on rising.
• Vision wavers with pulse; pulsation in and around eyes.
• Injected conjunctiva in heat.
• Better cold compress and darkness.
• Worse hot rooms, glare.

Ears

• Roaring, throbbing with pulse.
• Noise aggravates head.
• Subjective rush of blood in ears.
• Sudden deafness during surge, better cool air.
• Pulsation audible to patient.
• Crowded halls aggravate.

Nose/Face

• Epistaxis relieves head.
• Flushed, burning face with throbbing.
• Alternate pallor/faintness.
• Sweat of head/face in heat.
• Veins distended in flushes.
• Sun on face intolerable.

Heart/Chest

• Palpitation, bounding pulse, oppression worse heat/sun.
• Angina provoked by exertion/heat, better rest, cold air.
• Fear heart will burst.
• Throbbing up neck with chest oppression.
• Loosening clothing ameliorates.
• Hypertensive surges with temple pounding.

Generalities/Modalities

• Worse: sun, hot rooms, radiant heat, jar/stepping, alcohol, tight clothing, after sleep.
• Better: cold air/water, uncover head, quiet, dark, head high, loosen clothing.
• Hot head, cold extremities.
• Vaso-motor flushes (climacteric).
• Photophobia, glare aggravates.

Sleep

• Wakes hot, throbbing after sleep in warmth.
• Cannot sleep with head covered.
• Throws off coverings from head.
• Best with window open, cool room.
• Dreams of sun/fire/crowds; wakes to seek cold air.
• Short dozes after cooling refresh.

Skin

• Sunburn tendency; heat of scalp/face.
• Head sweat in flushes.
• Cold clammy sweat in faint turns.
• Burning skin of head during attack.
• Worse radiant heat; better cooling.

Sensitive to touch/pressure only if warm.

Hering — The Guiding Symptoms of Our Materia Medica (1879–91): bursting pulsations, sunstroke, hot head with cold limbs, cold-relief, carotid throbbing.
Allen, T. F. — Encyclopaedia of Pure Materia Medica (1874–79): provings—confusion of locality, pulse-synchronous throbbing, heat-worse, cold-better.
Clarke, J. H. — A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica (1900): sun and heat aetiology, menopausal flushes, angina notes, modalities, epistaxis relief.
Boericke, W. — Pocket Manual of Homeopathic Materia Medica (1901): keynotes—cannot bear heat on head, tight collars, cold applications imperative.
Boger, C. M. — Synoptic Key of the Materia Medica (1915): vaso-motor storms, climacteric picture, hypertensive surges, jar aggravation.
Nash, E. B. — Leaders in Homeopathic Therapeutics (1899): explosive throbbing, head high, after-sleep aggravation, comparisons with Belladonna, Bryonia, Sanguinaria.
Tyler, M. L. — Homeopathic Drug Pictures (20th c.): bedside sunstroke management, cold-water head packs, open-window imperative, sleep/heat rebound.
Hughes, R. — A Cyclopaedia of Drug Pathogenesy (1895): nitroglycerin pharmacology; arterial dilation; clinical analogies to proving picture.
Kent, J. T. — Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica (1905): miasmatic setting; comparisons with Lachesis and climacteric remedies.
Farrington, E. A. — Clinical Materia Medica (1887): differentials—Belladonna, Gelsemium, Sanguinaria, Natrum carbonicum.
Cowperthwaite, A. C. — A Text-Book of Materia Medica and Therapeutics (late 19th c.): anginal and hypertensive notes; sun-provoked vascular storms.
Hale, E. M. — New Remedies (late 19th c.): toxicological and clinical experiences with nitroglycerin.
Boger–Boenninghausen — Characteristics and Repertory (early 20th c.): repertorial anchors—sun/heat <, cold >, pulsation everywhere, jar/stepping <.