Colocynthis
Substance Background
The pulp of the desert gourd (a small, intensely bitter cucurbit) has long been known as a drastic hydragogue purgative. Crude use produces violent intestinal colic, watery diarrhoea, tenesmus, and collapse, with spasmodic pains radiating to hips and thighs—an unmistakable [Toxicology] mirror of the remedy’s curative sphere in spasmodic neuralgias and enteralgias. Hahnemann proved Colocynthis and introduced it for colic relieved by hard pressure and bending double, a keynote that threads its entire picture: crampy, cutting, griping pains, anger-aggravated neuralgias, and relief from pressure, doubling up, warmth, and rest. Mother tincture is prepared from the dried pulp; triturations and potencies are used. [Hahnemann], [Hughes], [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke]
Proving Information
Hahnemann’s proving (MMP, Chronic Diseases) with rich clinical confirmations by Hering, Allen, and later authors establishes an archetype: colic with cutting, cramping pains that compel the patient to bend double, press, or lie on the abdomen, neuralgia of the sciatic and trigeminal nerves, pains after vexation/indignation, diarrhoea with flatus, and ovarian/uterine cramps relieved by pressure. [Hahnemann], [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke], [Kent], [Boger], [Boericke], [Farrington], [Nash], [Phatak], [Tyler], [Dunham]
Remedy Essence
Colocynthis is the remedy of clenched fibres and clenched feelings. The organism contracts—intestine, nerve, uterus, diaphragm—into a cruel, cutting clamp that forces the body to fold upon itself. The image is unmistakable: the patient bends double, presses hard, keeps perfectly still, and demands heat—only then does the cramp let go. The psychic trigger is as characteristic as the posture: anger, humiliation, mortification, or a quarrel lights the fuse, and spasm explodes in gut or nerve. This anger-spasm axis differentiates Coloc. from neighbours: Mag-ph. shares the warmth-and-pressure relief yet lacks the indignation stamp; Dioscorea inverts the posture (better erect); Cham. rages with hot sweat and wants to be carried; Nux-v. is choleric and spastic but not compelled to bend double.
Across systems the triad repeats: (1) cramping, cutting pain; (2) < motion/anger/cold; (3) > pressure/doubling/heat/rest. In the abdomen, it is the archetypal enteric colic; in nerves, the sciatic claw and trigeminal gnaw; in women, ovarian cramps that demand the tight band. The radiation pattern—from umbilicus to hips/thighs; from ovary to back and down limb; along sciatic to heel—is another signature. When you hear “I have to press hard and curl up; if I move, I scream—this started after that row…”, you are listening to Colocynthis. [Hahnemann], [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke], [Kent], [Boger], [Farrington], [Nash], [Phatak], [Tyler]
Affinity
- Enteric plexus & intestines. Colic with cutting/griping, bending double and hard pressure indispensable; pains radiate to hips, thighs, back; diarrhoea/tenesmus with flatus. See Abdomen/Rectum/Generalities. [Hering], [Clarke], [Allen]
- Peripheral nerves (sciatic, trigeminal, intercostal, ovarian). Neuralgia that is cramping/tearing, anger-aggravated, relieved by firm pressure, heat, rest; sciatica especially left, radiating to knee/heel. See Extremities/Face/Back. [Boger], [Farrington], [Kent]
- Ovaries & uterus. Ovarian colic (left >) with doubling, pressure relief; dysmenorrhoea cramping to groins/thighs; after vexation. See Female/Abdomen. [Farrington], [Clarke]
- Hepatic/biliary tract. Biliary colic—cutting pains to scapula/right shoulder, must bend forward and press. See Abdomen/Back. [Hughes], [Farrington]
- Bladder & ureters. Renal colic with urging/tenesmus; spasm relieved by heat/pressure. See Urinary. [Allen], [Clarke]
- Mesentery & peritoneum. Spasmodic enteritis; tympany with cutting as if intestines twisted. See Abdomen. [Hering], [Allen]
- Mind–nerve reflex. Indignation/vexation precipitates all pains; anger → spasm is a hallmark. See Mind/Generalities. [Kent], [Nash], [Tyler]
Better For
- Hard pressure (pressing fist/object into abdomen; lying on stomach). [Hering], [Allen]
- Bending double / bringing thighs up; doubling over the edge of chair/bed. [Clarke], [Kent]
- Warmth—hot applications, hot bath, warm drinks. [Hering], [Boger]
- Absolute rest; keeping very still during spasm. [Kent], [Allen]
- Passing flatus / stool (temporary). [Hering]
- Firm bandaging or tight clothing over the painful part (abdomen/ovary). [Clarke]
- Gentle rubbing/kneading; counter-pressure along the sciatic course. [Boger]
- Leaning forward (biliary/renal colic; sciatica). [Farrington]
- Warm room; avoidance of drafts/cold exposure. [Tyler]
Worse For
- Anger, vexation, indignation, mortification, or after a quarrel. [Kent], [Nash]
- Least motion during the paroxysm; straightening up. [Allen], [Clarke]
- Cold exposure, cold drinks/food, cold drafts upon abdomen. [Hering]
- Night and early morning; after eating; after fruit. [Allen], [Boger]
- Coffee and tobacco in some neuro-enteric types. [Hughes]
- Pressure of gas (before discharge), touch of the cord/nerve (sciatica). [Boger]
- Menstruation (cramping piles on). [Farrington]
- Emotional suppression (swallows anger) → crisis later. [Kent], [Tyler]
Symptomatology
Mind
The Colocynthis psyche is raw from affront. Anger, mortification, and wounded pride precipitate violent visceral or neuralgic spasm. He is irritable, curt, taciturn, wanting to be let alone, and resents contradiction. During pains the mind narrows to a single wish: pressure and stillness; he becomes desperate, impatient, and snappish if interfered with. Anxiety is localized to the painful organ rather than diffuse; fear flows from the severity of spasm, not anticipation. Children draw up their knees and cry angrily when touched during colic. There is aversion to talking, disinclination for company, and a tendency to brood over insults—when the insult is recalled, pains return. This differs from Staph. (sexual indignation, tooth-grinding resentment, but less violent colic), Cham. (anger with extreme oversensitivity to pain, hot sweat, one cheek red), and Nux-v. (choleric, driven, gastric spasm but not the absolute bending double keynote). Case: merchant after unjust rebuke developed left sciatica, better hard pressure and warmth, cannot straighten; Coloc. 200C cut the pains within hours. [Hahnemann], [Hering], [Kent], [Clarke], [Nash], [Tyler]
Head
Headache as if screwed or compressed during abdominal spasms; neuralgic pain above left eye, radiating like lightning, worse anger, better pressure and warmth. Face pale or sallow in pains, then flushes when anger is recalled. Trigeminal neuralgia—tearing, stitching from zygomata to teeth, < motion, touch, emotion, > firm pressure, heat; patient holds the face tight to a pillow. Compare Mag-ph. (spasmodic neuralgia > heat, less anger-link), Spig. (left supraorbital, < motion/eye use, less pressure >). [Allen], [Hering], [Clarke], [Farrington]
Eyes
Intense neuralgic pain radiates from the temple into the eye. Eyeball feels sore or bruised. Tearing and twitching may accompany pain. Vision may be blurred during headaches or facial neuralgia. Eyes feel hot or dry. Suitable in orbital neuralgia and photophobia linked with menstrual or gastric disturbances.
Ears
Earache, often left-sided, neuralgic in character, shooting inward. Hearing may be impaired during headache. Crackling or ringing noises. Not a primary sphere, but ear symptoms may reflect trigeminal involvement.
Nose
Sneezing and nasal congestion possible in acute attacks. Nasal discharge may be thin and acrid. Not a primary area of action unless associated with facial neuralgia or colds following suppression of emotions.
Face
Violent facial neuralgia, especially left-sided, involving the zygomatic arch, eye, and jaw. Pain is tearing, shooting, or stitching, with aggravation from slightest motion or touch [Clarke]. Expression is tense, drawn, and lined from suffering. Twitching or spasms of facial muscles common. Jaw stiffness may occur from tension.
Mouth
Dryness of mouth and lips. Bitter taste in the mouth, especially after anger. Pain in the cheeks and jaw. Tongue may feel scalded or swollen. Speech may be impeded by facial pain. Salivation suppressed or scanty.
Teeth
Toothache linked to neuralgia, especially in left upper teeth. Pain is sharp, comes in waves, and may radiate to ear or eye. Worse from touch or cold drinks. Gums may be sensitive or hot.
Throat
Tightness and choking sensations during emotional strain. Throat may feel dry, hot, or constricted. Swallowing aggravates the sensation. No prominent pathology unless secondary to suppressed rage.
Stomach
Marked aversion to food, or food produces immediate distress. Cramping, cutting, or twisting gastric pain, often forcing the patient to double up or press on the stomach. Belching is ineffectual or bitter. Nausea may occur with anxiety or pain. Gastric symptoms arise after anger, insult, or overeating. There may be a burning sensation, or a feeling of stones in the stomach. Vomiting possible, especially of bile or sour contents.
Abdomen
The grand sphere. Cutting, cramping, griping pains like a claw seize the intestines; the patient doubles up, presses a pillow/fist, binds the belly tight, and keeps absolutely still. Pains often begin around the umbilicus, radiating to loins, hips, and thighs, with much flatulence. Colic after anger, after fruit, or after chilled drinks. Better warmth, pressure, bending double; worse the least motion, straightening, or eating. Enteritis with greenish, slimy stools; tenesmus before/after stool; colic drives patient out of bed at 4–5 a.m. Biliary colic: stitches to right scapula; renal colic: cutting to groin/testicle with urinary tenesmus. Compare Mag-ph. (colic relieved by warmth/pressure but more flatulent, lighter temperament), Diosc. (colic worse bending double, better stretching back), Cham. (colic with anger and oversensitivity, child must be carried), Nux-v. (spasm but better warmth in general, less doubling). [Hahnemann], [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke], [Boger], [Farrington], [Nash], [Phatak]
Urinary
Urging to urinate during colic or menstrual cramps. Burning during micturition. Retention of urine in women with pelvic cramps. Urination may relieve abdominal pain. Occasionally pain along ureters or bladder neck from pelvic tension.
Rectum
Frequent, small stools with tenesmus; after stool, spasm returns. Stool green, slimy, or watery; sometimes constipation with ineffectual urging in neuralgic constitutions. Haemorrhoidal tenesmus spastic; cramp spreads to bladder. Compare Merc. (tenesmus with sweat/saliva), Aloe (gush and urgency, less cramp relief from pressure). [Allen], [Clarke], [Boger]
Male
Orchialgia with drawing to spermatic cord (left >), after vexation; coitus or sexual excitement may precipitate spasm in enteric types. Sciatic–genital reflex is common. Compare Clem. (chronic indurated testes), Staph. (genital humiliation anger). [Hering], [Clarke]
Female
Ovarian colic, chiefly left, with doubling and pressure relief; dysmenorrhoea cramping to thighs; ovarian neuralgia after mortification/anger. Clots with spasms; better warmth. Labour-like pains grip and relax in waves; cannot bear to be moved. Compare Mag-ph. (cramps > heat, gentler temperament), Cimic. (neuralgic uterine pains with nervous excitability), Sep. (bearing-down rather than clawing cramp). [Farrington], [Clarke], [Kent]
Respiratory
Shortness of breath during pain. Unable to take deep breaths during abdominal spasms. Respiratory restriction due to abdominal tension.
Heart
Palpitations from suppressed emotion. Sensation as if heart is squeezed or bruised. Not a leading cardiac remedy but useful when neuralgic pain refers to chest.
Chest
Intercostal neuralgia—cutting stitches > pressure and bending forward; spasm of diaphragm with hiccough after anger. Dry cough may aggravate abdominal griping. [Allen], [Hering]
Back
Lumbar cramp radiating from abdomen; stitches to sacrum with intestinal griping. Neuralgia about sacro-iliac and sciatic origins—pressure and warmth give the only comfort. [Boger], [Allen]
Extremities
Sciatica—classical sphere. Tearing, cramping pains along left sciatic (right also), from hip down back of thigh to knee or calf/heel, worse slightest motion or stretching, worse night, better hard pressure (sitting on something hard), warmth, rest, lying on painful side, and bending thigh upon abdomen. Cramps in hamstrings and calves; numbness/tingling follow pain waves. Crural neuralgia, meralgia paraesthetica-like pains, and tarsal cramps occur. Compare Gnaph. (sciatica with numbness, better lying on back), Rhus-t. (stiffness better continued motion), Ars. (burning, restless, > heat but with great anxiety), Bry. (stitching worse motion, but pressure not so relieving). [Boger], [Farrington], [Kent], [Clarke], [Phatak]
Skin
Sensitive skin. Eruptions suppressed may result in neuralgic states. Skin may be dry or clammy during spasms. Flushed, red face or patches during crises. Sweat is hot, sticky, and sour-smelling.
Sleep
Restless from cramping; frequent waking when turning straightens the body and re-triggers pain; dreams of quarrels, vexation, business mortification. Sleeps curled with thighs drawn up. Morning unrefreshed if colic was nocturnal. [Allen], [Hering], [Nash]
Dreams
Dreams of being insulted, chased, or humiliated. Nightmares related to arguments or betrayal. Recurrent dreams after emotional trauma.
Fever
Fever may occur after anger, menstrual suppression, or gastroenteritis. Heat predominates, with dry skin and intense thirst. Flushed face, hot head, cold extremities.
Chill / Heat / Sweat
Chilliness during colic. Alternating chills and heat. Sweating from pain, especially in face and torso. Sweat relieves symptoms only briefly.
Food & Drinks
Craves: nothing during pain; may crave sour things after
Aversion: fruit, cold water, sour foods
Worse from: fruit, sour food, fat
Better from: warm food and drinks, fasting
Generalities
Spasm and pressure define Coloc.: cutting, cramping pains compel bending double and hard, steady pressure; least motion renews agony; warmth comforts. Anger or mortification is a classic aetiology. Neuralgias (sciatic, trigeminal, intercostal, ovarian) share the same modality triad: better pressure, warmth, rest; worse motion, cold, anger. The patient’s posture—knees up, body doubled—and the demand for pressure are clinical clinchers. [Hahnemann], [Hering], [Allen], [Clarke], [Kent], [Boger], [Nash], [Farrington], [Phatak], [Tyler]
Differential Diagnosis
Enteric colic (cutting, bending double, pressure >)
- Magnesia-phosphorica. Spasmodic colic better warmth and pressure like Coloc., but the temperament is softer, pains more flatulent, and anger aetiology is less marked. [Boger], [Farrington]
- Dioscorea. Opposite posture: colic worse bending double, better stretching erect / bending backward; much wind. [Clarke], [Nash]
- Chamomilla. Colic after anger, child must be carried, oversensitive, hot sweat; pressure helps, but temper and heat dominate more than doubling. [Hering], [Clarke]
- Nux-vomica. Spastic dyspepsia and enteric cramp in driven, chilly subjects; bending double not so marked; irritable from business strain rather than mortification. [Kent]
- Plumbum. Severe retraction of abdominal wall, obstinate constipation, string-drawing pains; pressure may not relieve. [Clarke]
- Cuprum. Violent cramps with cramps in calves and fingers, blue lips, collapse; less pressure >. [Allen]
Sciatica / neuralgia
- Gnaphalium. Sciatica with numbness and tingling, better lying on back, less pressure > than Coloc. [Boger]
- Rhus-toxicodendron. Stiffness, > continued motion, < first motion/cold damp—opposite to Coloc.’s rest >. [Kent]
- Arsenicum. Burning, anxious restlessness, > heat, but cannot keep still (unlike Coloc.). [Clarke]
- Bryonia. Stitching worse motion, wants absolute rest, but pressure not as characteristic as in Coloc.; temperament dry, business-irritable. [Kent]
- Spigelia. Trigeminal neuralgia left supraorbital, stabbing, < motion; pressure less helpful; eye movements <. [Farrington]
Biliary / renal colic
- Berberis. Bubbling, radiating kidney pains with shooting to hips/thighs, < motion, > rest, but pressure not so commanding. [Clarke]
- Chelidonium. Biliary colic with right scapular stitch, desire for hot drinks; less bending double. [Farrington]
- Dioscorea (again) if erect posture helps more than doubling. [Clarke]
Ovarian / uterine cramps
- Mag-ph. Cramping > heat/pressure but gentler mental state. [Boger]
- Cimicifuga. Shooting uterine pains with nervous excitability, not the clawing grip. [Kent]
- Sepia. Bearing-down, pelvic laxity rather than claw-cramp. [Clarke]
Anger-triggered pains
- Staphysagria. Indignation with suppressed wrath → genito-urinary troubles and neuralgia, but colic less bending-double. [Kent]
- Nux-v. Anger + overwork; spasms with irritable chill, but relief by pressure/doubling is less decisive. [Kent]
Remedy Relationships
- Complementary: Mag-ph. (spasmodics), Staph. (indignation sequelae), Nux-v. (spastic digestive type), Bry. (serous stitch—motion <, rest >), Ign. (acute grief/vexation polarity to Coloc.’s anger). [Kent], [Clarke], [Boger]
- Follows well: Acon. (storm onset with fear), Nux-v. (gastric spasm), Cham. (in irritable children) when colic persists and pressure/doubling calls loudly. [Farrington], [Nash]
- Precedes well: Mag-ph. (residual spasms), Chel. (biliary sequel), Berb. (renal sequel), Staph. (emotional groundwork). [Clarke], [Boger]
- Antidotes: Camph. (collapse), Nux-v. (drugging), Coff. (over-excitation). [Hughes], [Clarke]
- Inimical/Use with caution: Rapid alternation with Cham. in children—allow reaction to declare; do not confuse the pressure/doubling keynote. [Kent], [Tyler]
Clinical Tips
- Classic abdominal colic (adult/child) with bending double + pressure + heat; after anger: Coloc. 30C–200C; repeat to pain-level, then space. [Hering], [Nash], [Farrington]
- Left sciatica—can only walk doubled, sits on something hard, heat helps: Coloc. often outperforms analgesics; consider intercurrent Mag-ph. for residual spasms. [Boger], [Kent]
- Biliary/renal colic where leaning forward and hard pressure are sought; right scapular stitch (biliary) or testicular draw (renal) confirm. [Farrington], [Clarke]
- Ovarian dysmenorrhoea (left >)—clawing to groin/thigh, better tight band + hot bottle: Coloc. frequently decisive. [Farrington], [Tyler]
- Mini-pearls
-
- Child with fruit-after green slimy stools + knee-to-chest colic soothed by firm hand → Coloc. acted in minutes. [Hering], [Allen]
- Trigeminal neuralgia after mortification, presses cheek hard to pillow, heat > → Coloc. relieved nocturnal agony. [Farrington]
- Post-quarrel left sciatica, cannot straighten, heat and pressure only palliatives → Coloc. 200C broke the cycle. [Kent]
Selected Repertory Rubrics
Mind
- Anger, indignation, mortification—pains after. Coloc. aetiologic keynote. [Kent], [Nash]
- Irritable, snappish; aversion to talk; wants to be alone. Pain temperament. [Clarke]
- Anxiety during pains, localized to affected organ. Visceral fear. [Allen]
- Child screams with colic; draws up legs; cannot bear to be moved. Paediatric picture. [Hering]
- Brooding over insults brings return of pain. Trigger recall. [Tyler]
Head / Face / Teeth
- Neuralgia, trigeminal, tearing/stitching, left >; anger-aggravated; pressure/heat better. [Farrington], [Allen]
- Headache from anger, with cutting abdominal pains. Reflex colic. [Clarke]
- Toothache tearing, < cold drinks, > warmth and pressure. [Allen]
- Face distorted with pain; holds face tight to pillow. Postural cue. [Hering]
Abdomen / Rectum
- Colic compelling bending double; pressure relieves. Pathognomonic. [Hering], [Allen]
- Cutting around umbilicus radiating to thighs/hips. Radiation map. [Clarke]
- Enteritis with green, slimy stools; tenesmus. [Allen]
- Biliary/renal colic; leans forward; pressure/heat >. [Farrington]
- Colic after anger; after fruit; after cold drinks. Aetiologies. [Boger]
Female
- Dysmenorrhoea, cramping, > bending double/pressure/heat. [Farrington]
- Ovarian neuralgia, chiefly left; anger-aggravated. [Clarke]
- Pains extend to thighs; must draw up limbs. [Allen]
- Labour-like griping with intervals of relief; motion <. [Hering]
Urinary
- Vesical tenesmus with abdominal cramps. [Allen]
- Renal colic with drawing to testicle; heat/pressure >. [Clarke]
Extremities / Back
- Sciatica, left >; tearing, cramping, motion <, pressure/heat/rest >. Classic rubric. [Boger], [Kent]
- Crural neuralgia, pains shooting to knee. [Farrington]
- Backache from abdominal spasm; must bend. [Allen]
Generalities
- Pains cramping/cutting; motion <; pressure/heat/rest/doubling >. Essence. [Kent], [Boger]
- Ailments from anger, mortification, vexation. Causation. [Nash]
- Cold exposure/drinks aggravate spasms. Thermal key. [Hering]
References
Hahnemann — Materia Medica Pura & Chronic Diseases (1821–1830): core proving; bending-double and pressure keynotes; anger aetiology.
Hering, C. — The Guiding Symptoms of our Materia Medica (1879–1891): abdominal colic, neuralgias, ovarian cramps; clinical confirmations.
Allen, T. F. — Encyclopaedia of Pure Materia Medica (1874–1879): toxicology (drastic purgation), enteric and neuralgic symptomatology.
Hughes, R. — A Manual of Pharmacodynamics/Pharmacography (1867–1868): crude colocynth action on bowel and nerves; clinical rationale in colics.
Clarke, J. H. — A Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica (1900): modalities (pressure, doubling, heat), differentials (Diosc., Mag-ph.).
Kent, J. T. — Lectures on Homoeopathic Materia Medica (1905): mental portrait (anger → spasm), modality synthesis, neuralgia.
Boger, C. M. — Boenninghausen’s Characteristics & Repertory (1905); Synoptic Key (1915): generalities (anger aetiology, pressure >), sciatica rubrics.
Boericke, W. — Pocket Manual of Homoeopathic Materia Medica (1901): keynotes—bending double, pressure/heat relief, colic after anger.
Farrington, E. A. — Clinical Materia Medica (1887): comparisons in sciatic/ovarian/biliary colic; case pearls.
Nash, E. B. — Leaders in Homoeopathic Therapeutics (1899): concise clinchers—anger colic, pressure/doubling.
Phatak, S. R. — Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Medicines (1977): distilled essentials—sciatica, enteric spasm, modalities.
Tyler, M. L. — Homoeopathic Drug Pictures (1932): practical bedside cues; anger-trigger narratives.
Dunham, C. — Lectures on Materia Medica (1879): neuro-visceral correlations, posture pressure logic.
Disclaimer
Educational use only. This page does not provide medical advice or diagnosis. If you have urgent symptoms or a medical emergency, seek professional medical care immediately.
