Capsicum annuum

Last updated: August 15, 2025
Latin name: Capsicum annuum
Short name: Caps.
Common names: Cayenne Pepper · Red Pepper · Chili Pepper · Paprika · Bird Pepper
Primary miasm: Psoric, Sycotic
Kingdom: Plants
Family: Solanaceae
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Information

Substance information

Prepared from the dried, ripe fruit of the plant Capsicum annuum, belonging to the Solanaceae family. The tincture is made from finely powdered dried pods macerated in alcohol. The plant is native to tropical America but cultivated worldwide for its pungent fruit, rich in capsaicin, which gives it its characteristic heat.

Proving

Proved by Hahnemann and his colleagues, published in the Materia Medica Pura, with later confirmations by Hering, Allen, and Hughes.

Essence

A sluggish, chilly, homesick constitution, where body and mind are both slow to react. Burning pains in mucous membranes, especially in throat and ears, with a sullen, irritable mental state. The sufferer withdraws into memories of home, resenting present circumstances, and responds poorly to change or disturbance.

Affinity

  • Mucous membranes – Particularly of the nasopharynx, Eustachian tubes, bladder, and rectum [Hering].
  • Throat and ears – Catarrhal inflammation with burning pains, especially in cold, sluggish constitutions.
  • Digestive tract – Stomach and intestines with a tendency to haemorrhoids and sluggish peristalsis.
  • Urinary tract – Bladder irritation, tenesmus, and mucous discharge.
  • Respiratory system – Chronic, indolent coughs with expectoration.
  • Circulatory system – Passive venous congestion.
  • Mind – Homesickness with sleeplessness and bodily complaints.

Modalities

Better for

  • Warmth in general, warm drinks, warm surroundings.
  • Eating, especially warm food.
  • Rest, avoiding exertion.

Worse for

  • Open air, especially cold drafts [Hering].
  • After exposure to cold and damp, particularly when overheated
  • Beer drinking (provokes haemorrhoids, bladder irritation).
  • Mental dwelling on homesickness or grief.
  • After stool (exhaustion, tenesmus, burning).

Symptoms

Mind

Marked sluggishness of mind, with an aversion to exertion of any kind. Easily offended, peevish, and obstinate, yet lacking the energy to express anger strongly [Hahnemann]. A central keynote is homesickness — intense longing for one’s native place, often with sleeplessness, chilliness, and digestive upset [Hering]. The patient dwells on the past, magnifies trifles, and feels aggrieved without cause. There is a tendency to imagine neglect or insult, becoming sullen and resentful.

Mental dullness alternates with periods of irritability; concentration is difficult, and memory is weak. The will is enfeebled; they know what they should do but lack the initiative to act. Apathy and indifference to surroundings may deepen into melancholy.

Sleep

Sleep disturbed by vivid dreams of home, family, or early life. Sleeplessness from grief or homesickness.

Dreams

Dreams of journeys home, of relatives, or of pleasant past times.

Generalities

Acts best in fat, sluggish, chilly, indolent persons, often with loose, flabby muscle and tendency to passive congestion [Boericke]. Complaints from change of climate, especially moving from hot to cold, damp regions.

Fever

Chilliness predominates; heat is short and slight. Intermittent fevers in those who have lived in hot climates and then returned to temperate ones [Hering].

Chill / Heat / Sweat

Chill beginning in the back, spreading over the body. Sweat is slight, or absent, with thirst.

Head

Dull, pressing headaches, often from the nape to the forehead, with heat and burning in the face. Congestive headaches from suppressed discharges or from exposure to cold wind.

Eyes

Burning, smarting, and redness, as from smoke exposure. Eyelids feel heavy, and vision may be dim, as if through a veil.

Ears

A keynote action: Catarrh of the Eustachian tube with burning pain deep in the ears, extending into the throat on swallowing [Clarke]. Sensation of pressure or fullness, as if the drum were too tight. Deafness with snapping or crackling sounds when swallowing.

Nose

Coryza with watery, acrid discharge and burning in the nostrils. Sneezing in the open air, with chilliness. Loss of smell.

Face

Flushed, bloated, with heat alternating with chilliness. Skin may appear greasy or puffy.

Mouth

Burning and smarting of the mucous membrane, especially of the soft palate. Saliva increased, with an unpleasant, metallic or putrid taste.

Teeth

Toothache in damp cold weather, better from warmth.

Throat

Burning pain on swallowing, extending to the ears — another keynote [Hering]. Tonsils red and inflamed; chronic pharyngeal catarrh in sluggish patients.

Chest

Cough, especially in the elderly, with tenacious mucus and burning in the chest. Hoarseness from chronic catarrh.

Heart

Palpitations with venous congestion.

Respiration

Oppressed breathing in damp, cold air; inclination to take deep breaths.

Stomach

Distension, eructations tasting of the food eaten hours before. Burning in the stomach, often with craving for stimulants. Loss of appetite in the morning but hunger in the evening.

Abdomen

Distended, sore to touch. Flatulence with rumbling and a sense of fullness.

Rectum

Painful haemorrhoids, burning after stool as if pepper had been applied [Hahnemann]. Tenesmus and mucous discharge, worse after beer or cold drinks.

Urinary

Frequent urging to urinate, with burning in the neck of the bladder. Urine scanty, dark, and strong-smelling.

Food and Drink

Desire for stimulants and pungent food; beer aggravates markedly.

Male

Sexual desire diminished; erections feeble. Sometimes sexual dreams without discharge.

Female

Menses early, profuse, with backache and burning in the vagina. Leucorrhoea with burning, especially after cold exposure.

Back

Pain in the sacral and lumbar regions, worse from cold air or after sitting on a cold surface.

Extremities

Aches in muscles and joints after exposure to damp cold; worse on beginning to move.

Skin

Dry, with burning sensations. May be prone to boils or slow-healing eruptions in sluggish constitutions.

Differential Diagnosis

  • Pulsatilla – Also for homesickness, but Puls. is weepy and yielding; Caps. is sullen and irritable.
  • Aurum – Homesickness with profound depression; more suicidal tendency than Caps.
  • Kali carb. – Catarrhal ear complaints, but without the burning-throat-to-ear keynote.
  • Nux vomica – Irritability with digestive disturbances, but Nux is more restless and oversensitive

Remedy Relationships

Clinical Tips

  • Excellent for Eustachian catarrh with burning from throat to ear.
  • Consider in haemorrhoids with marked burning after stool.
  • A useful remedy for homesickness with bodily ailments.
  • Catarrhal conditions in sluggish, flabby patients after exposure to damp cold.

Rubrics

Mind:

  • Homesickness, sleepless from.
  • Dwells on past disagreeables.
  • Peevish, offended easily.

Head:

  • Headache from neck to forehead.
  • Congestive headache after cold exposure.

Ears:

  • Burning pain extending from throat.
  • Catarrh of Eustachian tube.

Throat:

  • Pain on swallowing, extending to ear.
  • Chronic pharyngeal catarrh.

Rectum:

  • Burning after stool.
  • Haemorrhoids, painful, burning.

Generalities:

  • Chilly, sluggish, fat constitutions.

Aggravation from beer.

References

  1. Hahnemann, S. – Materia Medica Pura: Original proving symptoms.
  2. Hering, C. – Guiding Symptoms: Homesickness, burning ear-throat connection.
  3. Allen, T.F. – Encyclopaedia: Detailed proving notes and modalities.
  4. Clarke, J.H. – Dictionary: Clinical notes on ear and throat catarrh.
  5. Kent, J.T. – Lectures: Constitutional notes on sluggish, chilly types.
  6. Hughes, R. – Cyclopaedia: Pharmacodynamic remarks on capsaicin effects.
  7. Boericke, W. – Pocket Manual: Keynotes, sluggish constitution type.
  8. Lippe, A. – Keynotes: Aggravation from beer, burning pains.
  9. Farrington, E.A. – Clinical MM: Intermittent fevers in climate change.
  10. Nash, E.B. – Leaders: Burning haemorrhoids, homesickness.

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